Cardiology Update 2025

Dhiman Kahali MD DM FESC FSCAIDirector, Interventional Cardiology, BM Birla Heart Research Centre, Kolkata, West Bengal, India; President Elect, Cardiological Society of India; Ex-Chairman, National Intervention Council, Cardiological Society of India (CSI); Ex-Convener, STEMI Council, Cardiological Society of India (CSI); Ex-Vice President,  Cardiological Society of India (CSI) 2020-2024Debabrata Roy MD DM (Cardiology) FACC FESC FSCAI FAHA Senior Consultant, Interventional Cardiologist and Academic Coordinator, NH-RTIICS, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

• VOLUME 1Preventive Cardiology (Section - 1)1            Improving community level cardiac health awareness through school based education programs in India2            Air Pollution & CVD in India: Current Perspective3            Can  we cancel out the excess Cardiovascular Risk Caused by Chronic Kidney Disease4            Smoking Cessation: Never too Early, Never too Late Hypertension (Section - 2)5            Implications of Systolic Blood Pressure Time in Target Range6            Artificial Intelligence - A Potential Tool in the Diagnosis and Management of Hypertension7            Clinical Management of Primary Aldosteronism8            Implications of Myocardial Interstitial Fibrosis in Hypertensive Heart Disease9            Renovascular Hypertension: Kidney Intrinsic Mechanisms as Novel Targets10          The Complexity of Resistant and Refractory Hypertension Cardiometabolic (Section - 3)11          Slowing cardiovascular aging by promoting cardiometabolic health12          Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease13          Myocardial Abnormalities Across the AHA - ACC Heart Failure Spectrum in Diabetic Patients Dyslipidemia Management (Section - 4)14          Implications of lipid lowering therapy for premature CAD15          The challenges in reducing Non-HDL- cholesterol.16          Particle Number and Characteristics of Lipoprotein(a), LDL, and apoB: Contributions to ASCVD17          Impact of Childhood Non-HDL Cholesterol and LDL Cholesterol on Adult Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Events Heart Failure (Section - 5)18          WHF - How to Predict and Treat Early19          Pulmonary hypertension in heart failure20          Progression from Pre-Heart Failure, Heart Stress to Subclinical Heart Failure21          Human immunology of heart failure22          Identification of iron deficiency states and effective iron repletion strategies in patients with chronic heart failure23          Risk Scores in the Management of Heart Failure24          Issues in Reversing Advanced Heart Failure25          Early initiation of GDMT in HF26          Mixed Cardiogenic-Vasodilatory Shock27          Chronic right-sided heart failure and tricuspid regurgitation28          Neuromodulation interventions in the management of heart failure29          Congestion and Diuretic Resistance in WHF30          Role of Imaging in Heart Failure Risk Stratification31          Can Left Ventricular Wall Strain predict Heart Failure?32          Medical therapy of cardiogenic shock33          From Pre-shock to Classic Cardiogenic Shock34          Triaging of Patients of ADHF35          Gut hypothesis of heart failure: role of gut microbiota-derived metabolites36          Strategies for Diuretic Intensification in Acute Heart Failure37          Approaches in Heart Failure With Mildly Reduced and Preserved Ejection Fraction38          Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients with Valvular Cardiogenic Shock39          Hemodynamic Assessment by Right Heart Catheterization in Management of Heart Failure Cardiomyopathy (Section - 6)40          Risk Predictors of Sudden Cardiac Death in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy41          Monogenic to Polygenic Clinical Genetic Testing in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy42          Dual Ischemic and Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy43          Predicting Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy by Myocardial Strain44          Role of Clonal Haematopoiesis in the Pathogenesis of Dilated Cardiomyopathy45          Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Systemic Immune-Mediated Diseases46          Arrhythmia induced Cardiomyopathy47          Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy Congenital Heart Disease (Section - 7)48          The Expanding Future of Sinus Venosus ASD Closure49          Congenital Heart Disease Across the Lifespan: Clinical Risk Assessment and Prediction50          Early Intervention for Tetralogy of Fallot51          Novel Imaging Techniques for Congenital Heart Disease52          Chronic Heart Failure in Children and Adolescents With Congenital Heart Disease53          Recent advances in the management of Adult Congenital Heart Disease-Related Heart Failure54          Congenital Heart Disease in India : The Evolving Landscape55          Echocardiography for Childhood Left Ventricular Noncompaction56          Adults with congenital heart disease_ what every cardiologist should know about their care57          Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot: Quest for a Lifelong Pulmonary Valve Valvular Heart Disease (Section - 8)58          Multiparametric Approach to Asymptomatic Aortic Stenosis59          Secondary Mitral Regurgitation Phenotypes60          Mitral Annular Disjunction in Mitral Valve Prolapse61          An Update on High-Gradient “Moderate” Aortic Stenosis62          Comprehensive Risk Phenotyping in Aortic Stenosis63          When to Treat Young and Low-Risk Patients with Aortic Stenosis64          Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease Continuum: Recent Advances65          Comprehensive Approach to Aortic Valve Pathophysiology by Fibro-Calcific Imaging66          ESC 2025 Guidelines on Valvular Heart Disease67          RHD in India: Current Perspective Cardio-Obstetrics (Section - 9)68          Cardiac Interventions in Pregnancy69          Antepartum CV risk assessment and management of high-risk cardiac delivery.70          Understanding and Managing Heart Failure during Pregnancy – What’s New in Peripartum Cardiomyopathy71          Hypertensive Disorder of Pregnancy and Long-Term Cardiovascular Outcome72          Understanding and Managing Anticoagulation during Pregnancy in Women with Heart Valves Coronary Artery Disease (Section - 10)73          Sarcopenia in Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction74          Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection75          Influence of Platelet biology and function on plaque erosion vs rupture76          Coronary Artery Aneurysms77          Atherosclerosis, Aortic Dissection, and Peripheral Artery Disease: New Therapeutic Targets              Cardiac  Arrhythmia (Section - 11)78          Stable VT in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy and LVEF < 35%: Ablation vs ICD79          Long-term CV Outcome of Atrial Fibrillation80          Effect of Left Atrial Dyssynchrony on Long-term Clinical Outcome during Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy81          Real World Management of Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Infections82          Past, Present and Future of Leadless Pacing83          Atrial fibrillation in Hf. Role of catheter ablation84          Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia in Emergency Situations85          Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death Beyond Automated External Defibrillators and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators86          Current Perspective of Pulsed Field Ablation87          Para-Hisian Ventricular Arrhythmias Imaging (Section - 12)88          Risk Stratification with CCTA derived Fractional Flow Reserve and Fractional Flow Reserve Gradient89          Multi-modality Imaging in Multiple Valvular Heart Diseases90          Role of LA Indices in the Management of Chronic Severe Aortic Regurgitation91          Application of Emerging Hybrid Intracoronary Imaging Technologies in Clinical Practice and Research92          Current Concepts and Clinical Implications of Coronary Artery Calcification93          Cardiac CT: Emerging Role in Microvascular Dysfunction94          Role of Cardiac Imaging for Optimizing Medical Therapy  VOLUME 2STEMI (Section - 13)95          P2Y12 Inhibitor Pretreatment in STEMI96          STEMI Revascularization in India: Lessons Learnt from Punjab97          Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Evaluation of LV Remodeling after Myocardial Infarction98          Recurrent Thrombosis after Myocardial Infarction99          STEMI Revascularization in India: Lessons Learnt from Tamil Nadu – 5 years experience100        Thrombolysis in STEMI in Primary PTCA Era – Current Relevance in India101        STEMI Revascularization in India: Lessons Learnt from Goa102        Role of Novel Risk Factors in STEMI Among Young Women.103        Transition from ST-Segment Elevation MI to Occlusion MI .104        STEMI Revascularization in India: Role of Thrombolysis in Ambulance105        Addressing delays in reperfusion therapy - Developing Chest Pain Clinics - A new initiative from STEMI India106        Advanced Cardiac Patches in the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction Coronary Intervention (Section - 14)107        Thrombus Aspiration in Primary Angioplasty108        Evaluation of Microvascular Dysfunction during Diagnostic Coronary Angiography109        Prevention of  progression of obesity and Cardiometabolic Disease: Intervention in School-Aged Children110        Perforations in Complex PCI111        Coronary Physiology by different Approaches for Guiding PCI112        Left Main Bifurcation ISR - What to do?113        Management of Drug - Eluting Stent In-Stent Restenosis114        Bailout Strategies in CTO PCI115        Metalless PCI116        Percutaneous coronary intervention in high risk renal disorders :strategies for renal protection117        Effect of Anatomical and Viability - Guided Completeness of Revascularization on Clinical Outcomes in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy118        Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in CKD: Duration and Bleeding Risk in Post PCI Patients119        Technological Progress in Treating Calcified Lesion120        PCI in Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease - Outcome According to the Coronary Lesion Complexity Structural Intervention  (Section - 15)121        Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Heart Failure122        Antithrombotic Selection Post - Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion123        Predictors of Outcome of Re-interventions after TAVR124        Implications of Left Bundle Branch Block in Aortic Stenosis beyond Pacemaker Implantation125        Imaging of Transcatheter Valve Failure: An Update126        Transcatheter Treatment of Pure Aortic Regurgitation127        Transcatheter Mitral Therapy: Changing Context and Goals128        Unveiling Right Ventricle Remodeling Following Tricuspid Valve Intervention129        Resolving the Unmet Need for Treatment of Tricuspid Regurgitation130        Bleeding after Transcatheter Structural Valve Interventions HOT TOPICS  (Section - 16)          PART 1: Heart Failure131        Mitral Regurgitation in HF132        Heart Failure and Aging133        How does the Discontinuation of Long-Term Drug Treatment affectPatients With HFrEF134        Metabolic defects in HFpEF and how to tackle them135        Timing of Physical Activity and its impact on Cardiovascular Health136        Impact of the EAT-Lancet Diet in Preventing Heart Failure137        Cardiac Cachexia: Controversies and Conundrums138        Therapeutic Inertia in the Treatment of HFrEF139        ARNI-Induced Hypotension in HFrEF140        The issue of Mortality Reduction in Patients With HFmrEF and HFpEF141        HFrEF & HFpEF how they differ in advanced heart failure: A global perspective142        Decongestion in acute heart failure: beyond diuretic-centred paradigm143        Hepatic Biomarker Abnormalities in the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit Proposed Criteria for Cardiohepatic Syndrome144        Bridging Atrial and Ventricular Failure Through Biomarkers145        Ambulatory Advanced Heart Failure: Therapeutic Options146        Interaction between Hypoalbuminemia and HF147        Implications of Atrial Fibrillation for GDMT in Heart Failure148        Challenges in Modifying Kidney Disease Progression in Patients With Heart FailurePART 2: Hypertension149        Impact of Supranormal Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction, Concentric Remodeling in the Long-Term Survival150        Brain Pathways in Regulating Blood Pressure151        Update on Low-Renin Hypertension152        Sodium, Interstitium, Lymphatics and Hypertension153        Arterial Stiffness and Chronic Kidney DiseasePART 3: Coronary Artery Disease154        Coronary Artery Spasm and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease155        Peri-Infarct Ischemia and its Prognostic Significance156        Hemorrhagic Myocardial Infarction157        The issue of Stent Failure After PCI in patients with Diabetes Mellitus158        Red blood cells as a new target for ASCVD prevention159        Residual Chest Pain After PCIPART 4: Dislipidemia Management160        HDL enhancing strategies and prevention of ASCVD161        Cholesterol Screening and Management in Young AdultsPART 5: Ischaemic Heart Disease162        Vitamin D and Cardiovascular Risk163        Testosterone and Cardiovascular Health164        Primary Prevention for Intermediate CV Risk165        Exposome in ischaemic heart disease166        Interaction between Dietary Calcium and Vascular Calcification167        Rethinking Beta Blocker in Stable Coronary Artery DiseasePART 6: Structural Intervention168        PFO Closure for Stroke Prevention: An Illusion of SafetyPART 7: Heart & Brain169        Role of Left Atrial Stiffness in the evaluation of Cryptogenic StrokePART 8: Cardiac Arrythmia170        Appropriate use of defibrillator in non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy171        Predicting Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: role of Radiomics172        Anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation in patients with intermediate stroke risk173        Digging up Digoxin: Should We Stop Prescribing it? Current views and perspectivesPART 9: Amyloidosis174        Prognostic role of Amyloid burden175        Predictors of outcome in AL Amyloidosis Patients With Cardiac Involvement Top 10 Papers  (Section - 17)176        Top 10 Papers in diabetes and metabolic disorders177        Top 10 Papers in Anti-thrombotic178        Top 10 papers in Lipids179        Top 10 papers in Intervention Viewpoint  (Section - 18)PART 1: Obesity Paradox is a Fact180        An Unexpected Relationship Between Body Weight and Health Outcomes (Proponent)181        Myth or Reality (Opponent)PART 2: Time Matters when Considering Treatment for Patients with Mitral Regurgitation182        Time Matters When Considering Treatment for Patients with Mitral Regurgitation (Proponent)183        Time Matters When Considering Treatment for Patients with Mitral Regurgitation (Opponent)184        CHAD-VASC of 1 Not Same for Every Patient with Afib185        How to Resolve the Prosthesis - Patient Mismatch Debate186        AI will Replace Clinical Cardiology Miscellaneous  (Section - 19)187        Takayasu Arteritis - What is New?188        Treatment of OSA & its impact on CVD189        Participation in Sports by Athletes with CVD190        Donor Selection for Heart Transplantation191        Antithrombotic Therapies in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease192        Cardiology Training in India – Past Present and Future193        Native Valve Infective Endocarditis: Recent Insights194        Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension - no longer an orphan disease195        Enigmas of the Athletic Heart196        Cardiac Sarcoidosis: Diagnosis and Management197        Marantic Endocarditis198        Epilepsy and the heart: interaction between ‘brain arrhythmia’ and cardiac arrhythmia