Dr. Muhammad Ikram obtained his master's degree (M. Phil., Physics) from BZU Multan, Pakistan, in 2010. He obtained his Ph.D. degree in Physics from the Department of Physics, Government College University (GCU) Lahore, through the Pak-US joint project between the Department of Physics, GCU Lahore, Pakistan, and the University of Delaware, USA, in 2015. He served as the deputy director of Manuscript Science at Punjab Textbook Board (Pakistan). Later on (2017–to date), Ikram joined the Department of Physics, GC University Lahore, as an assistant professor of Physics and the principal of Solar Cell Applications Lab. Ikram received the Seal of Excellence Marie Skłodowska Curie Actions Individual Fellowship in 2017 and 2020. In 2021, Ikram was included in the 2 % top scientists from Pakistan announced by Stanford University. His research interest involves the synthesis and characterization of inorganic semiconductor nanomaterials, 2D materials for water treatment optoelectronic, and electrocatalytic applications.Dr. Ali Haider obtained his master's degree (M. Phil., Clinical Medicine) from University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Pakistan, in 2015. He obtained his Ph.D. degree in Clinical Medicine from the Department of Veterinary Medicine (UVAS), Lahore, in 2021. He served as the dairy farm manager at reputed commercial dairies of Punjab, (Pakistan). Later on (Jan, 2022–to date), Ali joined the Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture Multan (MNS-UAM), as an assistant professor of Clinical Medicine. His research interest involves the Green synthesis and characterization of inorganic semiconductor nanomaterials, polymeric nanostructures, 2D materials for their catalytic, and antiparasitic and antibacterial evaluation against multiple drug-resistant (MDR) pathogens.Sawaira Moeen obtained her B.S. (Physics) degree from the Government College University Lahore (Punjab, Pakistan) in 2023. Sawaira did her B.S. research work at GCU Lahore (Punjab, Pakistan) in the Solar Cell Applications Lab. She then worked as a research associate in the same laboratory. Her research interests include synthesis of nanomaterials, catalytic and photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes.Dr. Junaid Haider received his Master’s degree in Food Science and Technology from Jiangnan University Wuxi, China in 2016. He received his Ph.D. degree in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology from the Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (TIB-CAS) in 2022. Currently, he is a Postdoc Fellow at TIB-CAS. His research interests are focused on protein engineering, enzymatic depolymerization of recalcitrant polysaccharides, and the development of polysaccharide-based nanocomposites for dye degradation and antibacterial activity.

• Introduction.- Synthesis Protocol.- Dye Degradation Application.- Photocatalytic Application.- Antibacterial Application.- Conclusion, Challenges and Future Perspectives.

Dr. Muhammad Ikram obtained his master's degree (M. Phil., Physics) from BZU Multan, Pakistan, in 2010. He obtained his Ph.D. degree in Physics from the Department of Physics, Government College University (GCU) Lahore, through the Pak-US joint project between the Department of Physics, GCU Lahore, Pakistan, and the University of Delaware, USA, in 2015. He served as the deputy director of Manuscript Science at Punjab Textbook Board (Pakistan). Later on (2017–to date), Ikram joined the Department of Physics, GC University Lahore, as an assistant professor of Physics and the principal of Solar Cell Applications Lab. Ikram received the Seal of Excellence Marie Skłodowska Curie Actions Individual Fellowship in 2017 and 2020. In 2021, Ikram was included in the 2 % top scientists from Pakistan announced by Stanford University. His research interest involves the synthesis and characterization of inorganic semiconductor nanomaterials, 2D materials for water treatment optoelectronic, and electrocatalytic applications.Dr. Ali Haider obtained his master's degree (M. Phil., Clinical Medicine) from University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Pakistan, in 2015. He obtained his Ph.D. degree in Clinical Medicine from the Department of Veterinary Medicine (UVAS), Lahore, in 2021. He served as the dairy farm manager at reputed commercial dairies of Punjab, (Pakistan). Later on (Jan, 2022–to date), Ali joined the Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture Multan (MNS-UAM), as an assistant professor of Clinical Medicine. His research interest involves the Green synthesis and characterization of inorganic semiconductor nanomaterials, polymeric nanostructures, 2D materials for their catalytic, and antiparasitic and antibacterial evaluation against multiple drug-resistant (MDR) pathogens.Sawaira Moeen obtained her B.S. (Physics) degree from the Government College University Lahore (Punjab, Pakistan) in 2023. Sawaira did her B.S. research work at GCU Lahore (Punjab, Pakistan) in the Solar Cell Applications Lab. She then worked as a research associate in the same laboratory. Her research interests include synthesis of nanomaterials, catalytic and photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes.Dr. Junaid Haider received his Master’s degree in Food Science and Technology from Jiangnan University Wuxi, China in 2016. He received his Ph.D. degree in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology from the Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (TIB-CAS) in 2022. Currently, he is a Postdoc Fellow at TIB-CAS. His research interests are focused on protein engineering, enzymatic depolymerization of recalcitrant polysaccharides, and the development of polysaccharide-based nanocomposites for dye degradation and antibacterial activity.

• Introduction.- Synthesis Protocol.- Dye Degradation Application.- Photocatalytic Application.- Antibacterial Application.- Conclusion, Challenges and Future Perspectives.

Dr. Muhammad Ikram obtained his master's degree (M. Phil., Physics) from BZU Multan, Pakistan, in 2010. He obtained his Ph.D. degree in Physics from the Department of Physics, Government College University (GCU) Lahore, through the Pak-US joint project between the Department of Physics, GCU Lahore, Pakistan, and the University of Delaware, USA, in 2015. He served as the deputy director of Manuscript Science at Punjab Textbook Board (Pakistan). Later on (2017–to date), Ikram joined the Department of Physics, GC University Lahore, as an assistant professor of Physics and the principal of Solar Cell Applications Lab. Ikram received the Seal of Excellence Marie Skłodowska Curie Actions Individual Fellowship in 2017 and 2020. In 2021, Ikram was included in the 2 % top scientists from Pakistan announced by Stanford University. His research interest involves the synthesis and characterization of inorganic semiconductor nanomaterials, 2D materials for water treatment optoelectronic, and electrocatalytic applications.Dr. Ali Haider obtained his master's degree (M. Phil., Clinical Medicine) from University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Pakistan, in 2015. He obtained his Ph.D. degree in Clinical Medicine from the Department of Veterinary Medicine (UVAS), Lahore, in 2021. He served as the dairy farm manager at reputed commercial dairies of Punjab, (Pakistan). Later on (Jan, 2022–to date), Ali joined the Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture Multan (MNS-UAM), as an assistant professor of Clinical Medicine. His research interest involves the Green synthesis and characterization of inorganic semiconductor nanomaterials, polymeric nanostructures, 2D materials for their catalytic, and antiparasitic and antibacterial evaluation against multiple drug-resistant (MDR) pathogens.Sawaira Moeen obtained her B.S. (Physics) degree from the Government College University Lahore (Punjab, Pakistan) in 2023. Sawaira did her B.S. research work at GCU Lahore (Punjab, Pakistan) in the Solar Cell Applications Lab. She then worked as a research associate in the same laboratory. Her research interests include synthesis of nanomaterials, catalytic and photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes.Dr. Junaid Haider received his Master’s degree in Food Science and Technology from Jiangnan University Wuxi, China in 2016. He received his Ph.D. degree in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology from the Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (TIB-CAS) in 2022. Currently, he is a Postdoc Fellow at TIB-CAS. His research interests are focused on protein engineering, enzymatic depolymerization of recalcitrant polysaccharides, and the development of polysaccharide-based nanocomposites for dye degradation and antibacterial activity.

• Introduction.- Synthesis Protocol.- Dye Degradation Application.- Photocatalytic Application.- Antibacterial Application.- Conclusion, Challenges and Future Perspectives.