BINGHE WANG, PHD, is Professor and Chair of the Department of Chemistry at Georgia State University as well as Georgia Research Alliance Eminent Scholar in Drug Discovery. He is Editor-in-Chief of the journal Medicinal Research Reviews, Series Editor for the Wiley Series in Drug Discovery and Development, and editor of Drug Delivery: Principles and Applications and Chemosensors: Principles, Strategies, and Applications (Wiley). GEERT-JAN BOONS, PHD, is Franklin Professor of Chemistry and Professor in the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center at the University of Georgia. He is on the editorial boards of several journals on carbohydrates, including European Journal of Chemistry and Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry, and is also coeditor of Carbohydrate-Based Immunotherapies and Vaccines (Wiley).

• Preface viiContributors ix1 Mammalian Glycan Biosynthesis: Building a Template for Biological Recognition 1M. Adam Meledeo, Venkata D. P. Paruchuri, Jian Du, Zhiyun Wang, and Kevin J. Yarema2 The Roles of Carbohydrate Binding in Cell Adhesion and Inflammation 33Ken Kitajima and Chihiro Sato3 The Role of Carbohydrates in Viral Infections 65Gillian M. Air4 The Role of Carbohydrates in Bacterial Infections 93Roland J. Pieters5 The Roles of Carbohydrate Binding in Fertilization 107David J. Miller6 Carbohydrate Biomarkers 133Yunfeng Cheng, Nanting Ni, Hanjing Peng, Shan Jin, and Binghe Wang7 Galectins and Their Role in Various Biological Processes 157Sarika Saraswati, Ashley Stanley Block, and Alan B. Diekman8 Glycoimmunology 181Ani Grigorian, Barbara Newton, and Michael Demetriou9 Tools For Glycomics: Glycan and Lectin Microarrays 205Christopher Campbell and Jeff Gildersleeve10 Combinatorial Biosynthesis of Complex Carbohydrates 229Hai Yu and Xi Chen11 Mass Spectrometry in Carbohydrate Sequencing and Binding Analysis 257Gregory O. Staples and Joseph Zaia12 Synthetic Lectin Mimics Artificial Carbohydrate Receptors 301Xiaochuan Yang, Yunfeng (Jerry) Cheng, and Binghe Wang13 Lectin Binding and Its Structural Basis 329Annabelle Varrot, Bertrand Blanchard, and Anne Imberty14 Multivalency in Carbohydrate Binding 349Mark L. Wolfenden and Mary J. Cloninger15 Carbohydrate Binding Agents: Potential Therapeutics with Multiple Inhibitory Actions Against Enveloped Viruses 371K.O. François and J. Balzarini16 Informatics for Glycobiology and Glycomics 409Kiyoko F. Aoki-KinoshitaIndex 427

BINGHE WANG, PHD, is Professor and Chair of the Department of Chemistry at Georgia State University as well as Georgia Research Alliance Eminent Scholar in Drug Discovery. He is Editor-in-Chief of the journal Medicinal Research Reviews, Series Editor for the Wiley Series in Drug Discovery and Development, and editor of Drug Delivery: Principles and Applications and Chemosensors: Principles, Strategies, and Applications (Wiley). GEERT-JAN BOONS, PHD, is Franklin Professor of Chemistry and Professor in the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center at the University of Georgia. He is on the editorial boards of several journals on carbohydrates, including European Journal of Chemistry and Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry, and is also coeditor of Carbohydrate-Based Immunotherapies and Vaccines (Wiley).

• Preface viiContributors ix1 Mammalian Glycan Biosynthesis: Building a Template for Biological Recognition 1M. Adam Meledeo, Venkata D. P. Paruchuri, Jian Du, Zhiyun Wang, and Kevin J. Yarema2 The Roles of Carbohydrate Binding in Cell Adhesion and Inflammation 33Ken Kitajima and Chihiro Sato3 The Role of Carbohydrates in Viral Infections 65Gillian M. Air4 The Role of Carbohydrates in Bacterial Infections 93Roland J. Pieters5 The Roles of Carbohydrate Binding in Fertilization 107David J. Miller6 Carbohydrate Biomarkers 133Yunfeng Cheng, Nanting Ni, Hanjing Peng, Shan Jin, and Binghe Wang7 Galectins and Their Role in Various Biological Processes 157Sarika Saraswati, Ashley Stanley Block, and Alan B. Diekman8 Glycoimmunology 181Ani Grigorian, Barbara Newton, and Michael Demetriou9 Tools For Glycomics: Glycan and Lectin Microarrays 205Christopher Campbell and Jeff Gildersleeve10 Combinatorial Biosynthesis of Complex Carbohydrates 229Hai Yu and Xi Chen11 Mass Spectrometry in Carbohydrate Sequencing and Binding Analysis 257Gregory O. Staples and Joseph Zaia12 Synthetic Lectin Mimics Artificial Carbohydrate Receptors 301Xiaochuan Yang, Yunfeng (Jerry) Cheng, and Binghe Wang13 Lectin Binding and Its Structural Basis 329Annabelle Varrot, Bertrand Blanchard, and Anne Imberty14 Multivalency in Carbohydrate Binding 349Mark L. Wolfenden and Mary J. Cloninger15 Carbohydrate Binding Agents: Potential Therapeutics with Multiple Inhibitory Actions Against Enveloped Viruses 371K.O. François and J. Balzarini16 Informatics for Glycobiology and Glycomics 409Kiyoko F. Aoki-KinoshitaIndex 427

BINGHE WANG, PHD, is Professor and Chair of the Department of Chemistry at Georgia State University as well as Georgia Research Alliance Eminent Scholar in Drug Discovery. He is Editor-in-Chief of the journal Medicinal Research Reviews, Series Editor for the Wiley Series in Drug Discovery and Development, and editor of Drug Delivery: Principles and Applications and Chemosensors: Principles, Strategies, and Applications (Wiley). GEERT-JAN BOONS, PHD, is Franklin Professor of Chemistry and Professor in the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center at the University of Georgia. He is on the editorial boards of several journals on carbohydrates, including European Journal of Chemistry and Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry, and is also coeditor of Carbohydrate-Based Immunotherapies and Vaccines (Wiley).

• Preface viiContributors ix1 Mammalian Glycan Biosynthesis: Building a Template for Biological Recognition 1M. Adam Meledeo, Venkata D. P. Paruchuri, Jian Du, Zhiyun Wang, and Kevin J. Yarema2 The Roles of Carbohydrate Binding in Cell Adhesion and Inflammation 33Ken Kitajima and Chihiro Sato3 The Role of Carbohydrates in Viral Infections 65Gillian M. Air4 The Role of Carbohydrates in Bacterial Infections 93Roland J. Pieters5 The Roles of Carbohydrate Binding in Fertilization 107David J. Miller6 Carbohydrate Biomarkers 133Yunfeng Cheng, Nanting Ni, Hanjing Peng, Shan Jin, and Binghe Wang7 Galectins and Their Role in Various Biological Processes 157Sarika Saraswati, Ashley Stanley Block, and Alan B. Diekman8 Glycoimmunology 181Ani Grigorian, Barbara Newton, and Michael Demetriou9 Tools For Glycomics: Glycan and Lectin Microarrays 205Christopher Campbell and Jeff Gildersleeve10 Combinatorial Biosynthesis of Complex Carbohydrates 229Hai Yu and Xi Chen11 Mass Spectrometry in Carbohydrate Sequencing and Binding Analysis 257Gregory O. Staples and Joseph Zaia12 Synthetic Lectin Mimics Artificial Carbohydrate Receptors 301Xiaochuan Yang, Yunfeng (Jerry) Cheng, and Binghe Wang13 Lectin Binding and Its Structural Basis 329Annabelle Varrot, Bertrand Blanchard, and Anne Imberty14 Multivalency in Carbohydrate Binding 349Mark L. Wolfenden and Mary J. Cloninger15 Carbohydrate Binding Agents: Potential Therapeutics with Multiple Inhibitory Actions Against Enveloped Viruses 371K.O. François and J. Balzarini16 Informatics for Glycobiology and Glycomics 409Kiyoko F. Aoki-KinoshitaIndex 427