Cadmium in Soils and Plants

Inbunden, Engelska, 1999

AvM.J. McLaughlin,B.R. Singh,M. J. McLaughlin,B. R. Singh

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Scientists have contributed detailed reviews covering a range of issues including aqueous cadmium chemistry, speciation of cadmium in soils, reactions of cadmium with soil surfaces, sources of cadmium contamination, uptake and translocation of cadmium in plants, and effects of cadmium on soil biological processes and on human health. This text should be useful for those involved in environmental research of cadmium behaviour in the terrestrial environment. It covers cadmium pollution of soil, and is particularly concerned with the food chain transfer of cadmium to humans.

Produktinformation

Utgivningsdatum1999-07-31
Mått155 x 235 x 16 mm
Vikt446 g
FormatInbunden
SpråkEngelska
SerieDevelopments in Plant and Soil Sciences
Antal sidor271
FörlagKluwer Academic Publishers
ISBN9780792358435

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Miljövetenskap och miljöpolitik inom Naturvetenskap och teknik
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1. Cadmium in Soils and Plant.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Accumulation of cadmium in soils and plants.- 3. World fertiliser supply — cadmium issues.- 4. Re-use of waste materials — cadmium issues.- 2. The Environmental Chemistry of Cadmium.- 1. Basic chemical properties.- 2. Aqueous complexation.- 3. Abundance and form in natural environments.- 4. Cadmium concentrations in soils.- 5. Analytical approaches for cadmium speciation in the environment.- 6. Conclusions.- 3. Chemistry of Cadmium in Soil Solution.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Properties of cadmium.- 3. Cadmium in soil solution.- 4. Measured and calculated speciation of cadmium in soil solutions.- 5. Phenomena controlling the concentration of cadmium and zinc in soil solutions.- 6. Conclusions.- 4. Solid Phase Cadmium and the Reactions of Aqueous Cadmium with Soil Surface.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Solid phases.- 3. Adsorption-desorption processes.- 4. Conclusions.- 5. Anthropogenic Additions of Cadmium to Soils.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Cadmium concentrations in soils.- 3. Anthropogenic sources of cadmium.- 4. Conclusions.- 6. Mechanisms of Cadmium Uptake, Translocation and Deposition in Plants.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Availability of cadmium in soil.- 3. Uptake of cadmium by roots.- 4. Transport and deposition.- 5. Bioavailability of cadmium in plant foods.- 6. Conclusions.- 7. Management Factors which Influence Cadmium Concentrations in Crops.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Site selection.- 3. Crop selection and cultivar development.- 4. Fertiliser management.- 5. Soil pH and liming.- 6. Other soil amendments.- 7. Irrigation water quality.- 8. Phytoremediation.- 9. Other management factors.- 10. Conclusions.- 8. Adverse Effects of Cadmium on Soil Microflora and Fauna.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Data sources.- 3. Effects on microbes andmicrobial processes.- 4. Evidence from field experiments.- 5. Effects on earthworms.- 6. Other invertebrates.- 7. Comparison with Dutch soil quality values.- 8. Conclusions.- 9. Soil Cadmium as a Threat to Human Health.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Diagnosis of human cadmium toxicity.- 3. Interpretation of epidemiological survey data.- 4. Reducing cadmium levels in crops.- 5. Have crop cadmium levels increased over time?.- 6. Common errors in evaluation of plant absorption of soil cadmium.- 7. Livestock food-chains usually exclude cadmium effectively.- 8. High risk crops.- 9. Reducing food chain cadmium risk.- 10. Research on food-chain cadmium risk is still needed.- 11. Does ingested cadmium increase cancer risk?.- 12. Conclusions.- 10. Cadmium in Soils and Plants.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Cadmium in soils.- 3. Cadmium in plants.- 4. Adverse effects of cadmium on biota and human health.- 5. Knowledge gaps and research priorities.