This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference on Brain Function Assessment in Learning, BFAL 2020, held in Heraklion, Crete, Greece, in October 2020*.The 11 revised full papers and 10 short papers presented were carefully selected from 35 submissions. The BFAL conference aims to regroup research in multidisciplinary domains such as neuroscience, computer science, medicine, education, human-computer interactions, and social interaction on the theme of Brain Function Assessment in Learning.*The conference was held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic.