This book provides a systematic exploration of Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) technology's transformative role in next-generation intelligent transportation systems, emphasizing practical development and innovation within China.It comprehensively covers BCI fundamentals, its integration with neuroscience and autonomous driving, and its immediate applications in key transport challenges. Topics range from BCI signal acquisition to layered applications in driver state monitoring (fatigue, emotion recognition), optimized traffic control, and advanced vehicle operations. The content includes novel sections on BCI integration with wearable devices, remote driving, and urban planning, featuring practical Chinese case studies and ethical considerations for the field.This is a critical resource for academic researchers and graduate students specializing in intelligent transportation, transportation engineering, computer science, or neuroscience. The book is also useful for engineers and policymakers seeking to utilize BCI or understand how it can enhance safety, optimize flow, and realize green transportation networks.