Oskar C. Aszmann studied medicine at the University of Vienna, Austria, and received his medical degree in 1994. From 1994 to 1997, he was research fellow at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, John Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, USA. Until 1997, he was also staff scientist at the Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Maryland, USA. He was born in Vienna, Austria, and after working at the University Hospital Vienna for six years, he specialized as a plastic surgeon in 2004.  In 2012 Professor Aszmann established a Center for Extremity Reconstruction and Rehabilitation to explore the possibilities and limits of bionic reconstruction, and has since been head of this center, which focuses on recovery and rehabilitation patients with impaired extremity function. Dario Farina received Ph.D. degrees in automatic control and computer science and in electronics and communications engineering from the Ecole Centrale de Nantes and Politecnico di Torino, respectively, and an Honorary Doctorate degree in Medicine from Aalborg University. He is currently Full Professor and Chair in Neurorehabilitation Engineering at the Department of Bioengineering of Imperial College London. He has previously been Full Professor at Aalborg University and at the University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, where he founded and directed the Department of Neurorehabilitation Systems, acting as the Chair in Neuroinformatics of the Bernstein Focus Neurotechnology Göttingen. His research focuses on neurorehabilitation technology, neural control of movement, and biomedical signal processing.

• Introduction.- Part I. Severe injuries of the upper extremity.- Chapter 1. General Considerations on Upper Limb Amputation and its Levels.- Chapter 2. Psychosocial importance of the hand, consequences of severe hand trauma, amputation and complete brachial plexus injury.- Chapter 3. Inner amputations of the upper extremity.- Part II. Functional restoration in upper limb amputees.- Chapter 4. Body-powered prosthetic systems.- Chapter 5. Mechatronic Design of Functional Prosthetic Systems.- Chapter 6. Osseointegrated amputation prostheses and implanted electrodes.- Chapter 7. Outcome Measures.- Chapter 8. Biologic alternatives to prosthetic hand replacement.- Part III. Selective nerve transfers in upper limb amputees.- Chapter 9. Motor unit characteristics after selective nerve transfers.- Chapter 10. Targeted muscle reinnervation in upper limb amputees.- Part IV. Phantom pain in limb amputees.- Chapter 11. Epidemiology and mechanisms of phantom limb pain.- Chapter 12. Treatment strategies for phantom limb pain.- Part V. Man-machine interfaces in prosthetics.- Chapter 13. Control Strategies for Functional Upper Limb Prostheses.- Chapter 14. Implantable myoelectric sensors for prosthetic control.- Chapter 15. Prosthetic feedback systems.- Part VI. Prosthetic replacement in patients with inner amputations.- Chapter 16. Deafferentation pain following brachial plexus avulsion injuries.- Chapter 17. Treatment algorithm for bionic hand reconstruction in patients with global brachial plexopathies.- Chapter 18. Functional and psychosocial outcomes of bionic reconstruction and impact on quality of life, body image perception and deafferentation pain.- Chapter 19. Ethical considerations and psychological evaluation in elective amputation for Brachial Plexus Injuries.- Part VII. Rehabilitation in upper limb prosthetics.- Chapter 20. Principles of Occupational and Physical Therapy in Upper Limb Amputations.- Chapter 21. Novel technologies in upper extremity rehabilitation.-Chapter 22. Conclusions and Future Outlook.