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The dynamic aspect of biological systems-the birth, growth, and death of individual organisms, the evolution of one form into another over time-has formed the basis for metaphors used in many fields for both artistic and heuristic purposes. Cladistic classification uses a tree whose branch points are based on the possession of derived or relatively recent characteristics, rather than primitive ones.
Henry M. Hoenigswald was Professor Emeritus of Linguistics at the University of Pennsylvania. Linda F. Weiner is on the faculty of St. Johns College in Santa Fe, New Mexico.
PrefacePART ONE: HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES1. Biological Analogy in the Study of Languages Before the Advent of Comparative Grammar-W. Keith Percival2. The Life and Growth of Language: Metaphors in Biology and Linguistics-Rulon S. Wells3. "Organic" and "Organism" in Franz Bopp-Anna Morpurgo Davies4. On Schleicher and Trees-Konrad Koerner5. A Legal Point-Boyd H. Davis6. Haeckel's Variations on Darwin-Jane M. OppenheimerPART TWO: METHODOLOGY7. Cladistic and Paleobotanical Approaches to Plant Phylogeny-Peter R. Crane and Christopher R. Hill8. Pattern and Process: Phylogenetic Reconstruction in Botany-Peter F. Stevens
"Should help focus attention on the possibilities for cross-fertilization among [disciplines]." (Scientist)