One of the key components of a successful Poverty Reduction Strategy (PRS) is a system for monitoring the implementation of the strategy and tracking progress in poverty reduction. This volume provides lessons on the design and functioning of such monitoring systems, based on the experience of twelve PRS countries. The focus is on the institutional arrangements of PRS monitoring systems - the rules and processes which bring the various actors and monitoring activities together in a coherent and guidance, a diagnostic tool, and a summary of the situation in twelve PRS countries.