François Molle is Emeritus Director of Research at the French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD), France. He has 40 years of experience in development research in topics such as the analysis of irrigation systems, the governance of river basins and groundwater, water policy and the political ecology of the interaction between society, technology and the environment.Sylvain Barone is Director of Research at the French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), France. For the past 15 years, his research has focused on water policy and governance, environmental policy and the politicisation of ecological issues.