Belt and Road Initiative in Asia, Africa, and Europe

David M. Arase is Resident Professor of International Politics at the John Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies, Hopkins-Nanjing Center for Chinese and American Studies, USA.Pedro Miguel Amakasu Raposo de Medeiros Carvalho is Full Professor of Economic History and African Economic Studies at Kansai University, Osaka, Japan.

• Part 1: Introduction 1. Making sense of the Belt and Road Initiative Part 2: BRI in Asia 2. South Korea response to the BRI: Hedging amidst change and continuity in the international system 3. The Belt and Road Initiative and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations: Interactions and Impact before and after COVID-19 4. Slippery Road Ahead: BRI, China and Southeast Asia amid COVID-19 Pandemic 5. Patterns of China’s BRI Ingress in South Asia: Implications for Regional Order 6. China’s Belt and Road Initiative and Central Asia 7. China’s Belt and Road Initiative, the Middle East and Iran Part 3: BRI in Europe 8. The End of China’s Affair with Central and East Europe 9. The European Union’s Response to the Belt and Road Initiative Part 4: BRI in Africa 10. BRI vs. AAGC, FOIP and Africa’s Agenda 2063 11. China-Africa Overseas Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone Project Cooperation: A Preliminary Evaluation 12. Worlds of work in the Belt and Road—Analysing dynamics of labour in Chinese enterprises in Africa 13. Examination of Chinese BRI projects in Africa: An Indian perspective 14. The Roads, the Belts, and the Contemporary International Political Economic System Part 5: Strategic overview 15. Financial sustainability of the Belt and Road Initiative before and after Covid-19 16. The Belt and Road Initiative as geostrategy Part 6: Conclusion 17. What have we learned from this collection?