Didier Caluwaerts is an Associate Professor of Political Science at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium. Min Reuchamps is Professor of Political Science at the Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Belgium.

• Introduction: Belgium – why bother? Part 1: Belgium on the Barricades 1. Compulsory voting: Anachronism or avant-garde? 2. The long-term effects of gender quotas in Belgium: Leading by example? 3. An analysis of electronic voting in Belgium: Do voters behave differently when facing a machine? 4. Thriving in an unfriendly territory: The peculiar rise of minipublics in consociational Belgium Part 2: Belgium, a democracy in trouble 5. Challenging the cordon sanitaire in Belgium: A diachronic analysis 6. Breaking free from partitocracy: Do Belgian candidates stand out? 7. Coalition formation in Belgium: From exceptional complexity to regime breakdown? 8. Caretaker governments in Belgium: The new normal? 9. The changing dynamics of Belgian federalism: Is there a reversal of the paradox of federalism? 10. Voting for ‘the other side’? The curious case of the Brussels Capital Region Part 3: Belgium and the world 11. Federalization of the Belgian national past: Do collaboration and colonization still matter? 12. The Europeanisation of Belgian parties: Both near and far? 13. Belgium in the UN Security Council: Still an active player?

"The Belgian surrealist painter René Magritte wrote, "This is not a pipe", under his famous painting of a pipe. One might also write, "This is not a country", under a picture of Belgium, playing like Magritte, little games with the eyes of the beholder. The picture of Belgium that is drawn in this book is, however, not an exercise in irony, but a first-rate analysis of the country and its sometimes puzzling and intriguing political institutions and practices. Belgium does combine a number of features that makes it at first sight quite unique and maybe impossible, but the solid political science presented by the contributions in this book explains convincingly why and how this is a real country indeed."Kris Deschouwer, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium.

Didier Caluwaerts is an Associate Professor of Political Science at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium. Min Reuchamps is Professor of Political Science at the Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Belgium.

• Introduction: Belgium – why bother? Part 1: Belgium on the Barricades 1. Compulsory voting: Anachronism or avant-garde? 2. The long-term effects of gender quotas in Belgium: Leading by example? 3. An analysis of electronic voting in Belgium: Do voters behave differently when facing a machine? 4. Thriving in an unfriendly territory: The peculiar rise of minipublics in consociational Belgium Part 2: Belgium, a democracy in trouble 5. Challenging the cordon sanitaire in Belgium: A diachronic analysis 6. Breaking free from partitocracy: Do Belgian candidates stand out? 7. Coalition formation in Belgium: From exceptional complexity to regime breakdown? 8. Caretaker governments in Belgium: The new normal? 9. The changing dynamics of Belgian federalism: Is there a reversal of the paradox of federalism? 10. Voting for ‘the other side’? The curious case of the Brussels Capital Region Part 3: Belgium and the world 11. Federalization of the Belgian national past: Do collaboration and colonization still matter? 12. The Europeanisation of Belgian parties: Both near and far? 13. Belgium in the UN Security Council: Still an active player?

"The Belgian surrealist painter René Magritte wrote, "This is not a pipe", under his famous painting of a pipe. One might also write, "This is not a country", under a picture of Belgium, playing like Magritte, little games with the eyes of the beholder. The picture of Belgium that is drawn in this book is, however, not an exercise in irony, but a first-rate analysis of the country and its sometimes puzzling and intriguing political institutions and practices. Belgium does combine a number of features that makes it at first sight quite unique and maybe impossible, but the solid political science presented by the contributions in this book explains convincingly why and how this is a real country indeed."Kris Deschouwer, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium.

Didier Caluwaerts is an Associate Professor of Political Science at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium. Min Reuchamps is Professor of Political Science at the Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Belgium.

• Introduction: Belgium – why bother? Part 1: Belgium on the Barricades 1. Compulsory voting: Anachronism or avant-garde? 2. The long-term effects of gender quotas in Belgium: Leading by example? 3. An analysis of electronic voting in Belgium: Do voters behave differently when facing a machine? 4. Thriving in an unfriendly territory: The peculiar rise of minipublics in consociational Belgium Part 2: Belgium, a democracy in trouble 5. Challenging the cordon sanitaire in Belgium: A diachronic analysis 6. Breaking free from partitocracy: Do Belgian candidates stand out? 7. Coalition formation in Belgium: From exceptional complexity to regime breakdown? 8. Caretaker governments in Belgium: The new normal? 9. The changing dynamics of Belgian federalism: Is there a reversal of the paradox of federalism? 10. Voting for ‘the other side’? The curious case of the Brussels Capital Region Part 3: Belgium and the world 11. Federalization of the Belgian national past: Do collaboration and colonization still matter? 12. The Europeanisation of Belgian parties: Both near and far? 13. Belgium in the UN Security Council: Still an active player?

"The Belgian surrealist painter René Magritte wrote, "This is not a pipe", under his famous painting of a pipe. One might also write, "This is not a country", under a picture of Belgium, playing like Magritte, little games with the eyes of the beholder. The picture of Belgium that is drawn in this book is, however, not an exercise in irony, but a first-rate analysis of the country and its sometimes puzzling and intriguing political institutions and practices. Belgium does combine a number of features that makes it at first sight quite unique and maybe impossible, but the solid political science presented by the contributions in this book explains convincingly why and how this is a real country indeed."Kris Deschouwer, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium.