This book is authored by Chinese economist Yanan Wang. It provides a systematic analysis of the modern Chinese economy by adopting comprehensive, developmental, and comparative methodologies. The work elucidates the interconnections among key economic concepts—such as goods, value, money, capital, profit, interest, wages, rent, and panic—within the historical context of China’s semi-colonial society in 1946.Drawing on modern Chinese economic history, this book investigates how feudal economic remnants, perpetuated by Chinese landlords, impeded the development of modern national capitalism. By appropriately applying core theories of capital and employing dialectical materialism, the author guides the analysis from partial to holistic perspectives and from qualitative to quantitative approaches, thereby clarifying the complex economic phenomena of modern China. This book enhances readers' understanding of modern Chinese history and the origins of China’s post-1949 economic policies.