Badanj

This book presents the results of excavations made from 1986 to 1987 at the Epipaleolithic site of Badanj, which lies near the town of Stolac in southern Bosnia-Herzegovina. The site was already known from excavations made by Đuro Basler and from an engraved boulder uncovered by him that is frequently referred to as the first example of Paleolithic art from the Balkans.The purpose of the 1986-1987 excavations was to provide a more detailed picture of the individual occupation and other layers at Badanj, to define the faunal assemblages of these layers as indicators of the changing ecology of the site, and to place the site within its regional cultural context. The excavations exposed a sequence of some ten occupation levels, seven activity or refuse levels, covering a period from approximately 16,000 to 13,000 cal BP, from the latter part of the Oldest Dryas to the end of the Bølling-Allerød late glacial climatic phases.Over this period, two phases of lithic typology were identified, as well as parallel changes in a specific kind of decorative beads. In terms of ecology, red deer (Cervus elaphus) consistently provided by far the majority of the meat consumed at the site, but secondary fauna shows a clear, gradual replacement of colder-climate species such as ibex and chamois by warmer-climate roe deer and wild pig. Combining both qualitative and quantitative aspects of lithic technology and typology, the reconstruction of the potential foraging areas around Badanj, and estimates of supportable population allows the site to be placed in a clear regional context, which can be extended to suggest a hypothetical regional organization of similar sites over the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea.