Autonomic Testing

Peter Novak, MD, PhD is the Chief of the Division of Autonomic Neurology and Director of the Autonomic Laboratory at Brigham and Women's Hospital at Boston and Assistant Professor of Neurology at Harvard Medical School. He is a board-certified neurologist and a board-certified autonomic specialist. He is a member of American Academy of Neurology, American Autonomic Society and a member of Autonomic Board of United Council for Neurologic Subspecialties (UCNS). He graduated from medical school in Bratislava, Slovakia and completed his neurology residency at the Ohio State University. He also completed postdoctoral studies focusing on cardiovascular and autonomic research at Charles University (Prague), University of Montreal, McGill University (Montreal) and Mayo Clinic. He has special interests in orthostatic intolerance syndromes, small fiber and autonomic neuropathies, and multiple system atrophy. He has written over 70 papers and presented at numerous conferences.

• IntroductionChapter 1. Classification of Autonomic testing patternsChapter 2. Functional Anatomy of the Autonomic nervous systemChapter 3. Laboratory EquipmentChapter 4 Tests DescriptionChapter 5. Artefacts CasesChapter 6. Case 1. Normal Example Syncope, Neurally MediatedChapter 7. Case 2 Syncope, MixedChapter 8. Case 3 Syncope, without HyperventilationChapter 9. Case 4 Syncope, VasodepressorChapter 10. Case 5 Syncope, Vasodepressor with Cerebral Autoregulatory FailureChapter 11. Case 6 Syncope, Cardiovagal with Prolonged AsystoleChapter 12. Case 7 Syncope, Double.Chapter 13. Case 8 Syncope due to Autonomic Failure. Postural Tachycardia Syndromes (POTS)Chapter 14. Case 9 Postural Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS), Neuropathic TypeChapter 15. Case 10 Postural tachycardia syndrome with HyperventilationChapter 16. Case 11 Postural Tachycardia Syndrome with Positive Antibodies Against the P/Q-type of Calcium ChannelChapter 17. Case 12 Postural Tachycardia Syndrome with Presyncope and SyncopeChapter 18. Case 13 Postural Tachycardia Syndrome with SyncopeChapter 19. Case 14 Postural Tachycardia Syndrome with Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos SyndromeChapter 20. Case 15 Postural Tachycardia Syndrome with Hyperventilation and Presyncope Chapter 21. Case 16 Autonomic Failure or Postural Tachycardia Syndrome ?Chapter 22. Case 17 Paroxysmal Dizziness in Postural Tachycardia SyndromeChapter 23. Case 18 871 Postural Tachycardia Syndrome and Small Fiber Neuropathy in Polycystic Ovary SyndromeChapter 24. Case 19 Postural Tachycardia Syndrome Due to NephroptosisChapter 25. Case 20 Postural Tachycardia Syndrome Versus Syncope with Loss of Vision Orthostatic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Syndrome (OCHOS) Chapter 26. Case 21 Orthostatic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Syndrome, IntermittentChapter 27. Case 22 Orthostatic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Syndrome in Anaphylaxis Chapter 28. Case 23 Orthostatic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Syndrome, SevereChapter 29. Case 24 Orthostatic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Syndrome with Vision Loss Inappropriate Sinus TachycardiaChapter 30 Case 25 Inappropriate Sinus TachycardiaChapter 31 Case 26 Inappropriate Sinus Tachycardia and Orthostatic Cerebral Hypoperfusion SyndromeChapter 32 Case 27 Inappropriate Sinus Tachycardia Versus Postural Tachycardia Syndrome ?Chapter 33 Case 28 Postural Tachycardia Syndrome with Reverse Tilt Test Hypocapnic Cerebral Hypoperfusion (HYCH)Chapter 34 Case 29 Hypocapnic Cerebral HypoperfusionChapter 35 Case 30 Hypocapnic Cerebral Hypoperfusion with Paced BreathingChapter 36 Case 31 Hypocapnic Cerebral Hypoperfusion with an ArtifactChapter 37 Case 32 Small Fiber Neuropathy, Orthostatic Hypertension and Hypocapnic Cerebral HypoperfusionChapter 38 Case 33 Hypocapnic Cerebral Hypoperfusion with Cholinergic Small Fiber NeuropathyChapter 39 Case 34 Hypocapnic Cerebral Hypoperfusion and Effect of End Tidal CO2Chapter 40 Case 35 Initial Orthostatic HypotensionChapter 41 Case 36 Orthostatic HypertensionChapter 42 Case 37 Severe Dyspnea and Preload FailureChapter 43 Case 38 Dizziness and Elevated Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity Neurodegenerative DisordersChapter 44 Case 39 Hypothermia in Frontotemporal DementiaChapter 45 Case 40 Parkinson's Disease with Compensated Orthostatic HypotensionChapter 46 Case 41 Atypical ParkinsonismChapter 47 Case 42 Multiple System Atrophy versus Parkinson's Disease ?Chapter 48 Case 44 Multiple System AtrophyChapter 49 Case 43 Multiple System Atrophy and Vitamin B12 DeficiencyChapter 50 Case 45 Multiple System Atrophy ?Chapter 51 Case 46 Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Multiple SclerosisChapter 52 Case 47 Moebious SyndromeChapter 53 Case 48 DyspneaChapter 54 Case 49 Dizziness due to Multiple Sclerosis or Due to Dysautonomia? Small Fiber NeuropathyChapter 55 Case 50 Small Fiber Neuropathy and Severe Autonomic Failure in DiabetesChapter 56 Case 51 Small Fiber Neuropathy and Transient Orthostatic Hypotension in DiabetesChapter 57 Case 52 Painful Small Fiber NeuropathyChapter 58 Case 53 Small Fiber Neuropathy with Striational AntibodiesChapter 59 Case 54 Polyneuropathy Affecting Large and Small Fibers in Multiple Autoimmune DisordersChapter 60 Case 55 Small fiber neuropathy with Autonomic FailureChapter 61 Case 56 Autoimmune Small Fiber Neuropathy with Positive Ganglionic Acetylcholine Receptor AntibodyChapter 62 Case 57 Small Fiber Neuropathy and Hypocapnic Cerebral Hypoperfusion with Elevated Antibodies to N-type Calcium ChannelChapter 63 Case 58 Small Fiber Neuropathy with Positive Autoantibodies to N-type Calcium ChannelChapter 64 Case 59 Small Fiber Neuropathy and Autonomic Failure with Elevated Voltage-gated Potassium Channel AntibodiesChapter 65 Case 60 Small Fiber Neuropathy, Seronegative, Treated with Immune Globulins.Chapter 66 Case 61 Small Fiber Neuropathy, Patchy, with Elevated Voltage-gated Potassium Channel AntibodiesChapter 67 Case 62 Small Fiber Neuropathy with Symptomatic Improvement on Immune GlobulinsChapter 68 Case 63 Small Fiber Sensory Neuropathy with Elevated Ganglionic Acetylcholine Receptor Antibody Responding to ImmunoglobulinsChapter 69 Case 64 Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome and Small Fiber NeuropathyChapter 70 Case 65 Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome with Postural Tachycardia Syndrome, Presyncope and AnxietyChapter 71 Case 66 Hyperventilation Syndrome, Small Fiber Neuropathy and Postural Tachycardia Syndrome in Ehlers-Danlos SyndromeChapter 72 Case 67 Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome with Postural Tachycardia Syndrome and Psychogenic PseudosyncopeChapter 73 Case 68 Unknown Connective Tissue Disorder and Postural Tachycardia SyndromeChapter 74 Case 69 Small Fiber Neuropathy, Hypocapnic cerebral hypoperfusion and Generalized Hypermobility Spectrum DisorderChapter 75 Case 70 Small Fiber Neuropathy and Generalized Hypermobility Spectrum DisorderChapter 76 Case 71 Small Fiber Neuropathy, Postural Tachycardia and Mast Cell Activation Syndromes Chapter 77 Case 72 Postural Tachycardia, Mast Cell Activation and Ehlers-Danlos SyndromesChapter 78 Case 73 Dysautonomia Due to Mast Cell Activation Syndrome or due to Psoriatic Arthritis ?Chapter 79 Case 74 Small Fiber Neuropathy and Lyme DiseaseChapter 80 Case 75 Small Fiber Neuropathy, Cerebral Autoregulatory Failure and Posttreatment Lyme Disease syndromeChapter 81 Case 76 Small Fiber Neuropathy, Hypocapnic Cerebral Hypoperfusion and Posttreatment Lyme Disease SyndromeChapter 82 Case 77 Painful Small Fiber Neuropathy in Posttreatment Lyme disease Syndrome.Chapter 83 Case 78 355 Wilson disease Chapter 84 Case 79 Small Fiber Neuropathy and Abnormal Cerebral Blood Flow.Chapter 85 Case 80 Vitamin B12 DeficiencyChapter 86 Case 81 Hypovolemia in Valsalva ManeuverChapter 87 Case 82 Postural Tachycardia Syndrome and Hypovolemia Paroxysmal AbnormalitiesChapter 88 Case 83 Small Fiber Neuropathy and Preload FailureChapter 89 Case 84 Intermittent ConfusionChapter 90 Case 85 Rhythmic DizzinessChapter 91 Case 86 Paroxysmal DysautonomiaChapter 92 Case 87 Intermittent Supine HypotensionChapter 93 Case 88 Intermittent Vision Loss in Cervical Spine InjuryChapter 94 Case 89 Periodic ApneaChapter 95 Case 90 Repetitive DizzinessChapter 96 Case 91 Primary Cerebral Autoregulatory Failure Psychogenic DisordersChapter 97 Case 92 AnxietyChapter 98 Case 93 Anxiety Mimicking Postural Tachycardia SyndromeChapter 99 Case 94 Anxiety and Postural Tachycardia SyndromeChapter 100 Case 95 Fluctuating Psychogenic Dizziness Chapter 101 Case 96 Functional Neurologic Disorder and Postural Tachycardia SyndromeChapter 102 Case 97 Unusual Postural Spells Chapter 103 Case 98 Repetitive Psychogenic PseudosyncopeChapter 104 Case 99 Mixed Tilt Patterns in Rheumatoid ArthritisChapter 105 Case 100 Dizziness in Concussion Index