Pierre-A. Clavien, MD, PhD, FACS, FRCS (Eng), FRCS (Ed), gained his medical degree from the Geneva Medical School, Switzerland, and his PhD from the Institute of Medical Science and Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. He subsequently served as Director of the Division of Transplantation and the Liver Transplant Program and Chief of Hepatobiliary Surgery at Duke University, Durham, NC, USA. Dr. Clavien is currently Professor of Surgery at the University of Zurich, and Chairman of the Department of Surgery and Chief of the Division of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery at the University Hospital of Zurich. He has been the recipient of numerous research grants and in 2008 received the prestigious Otto Naegeli Prize for research. He is President of the Association for Research in Surgery and of the European Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association, President Elect of the Swiss Transplantation Society, and Secretary General of the European Surgical Association. Dr. Clavien has served on many journal editorial boards and was Editor of the section Liver Transplantation in the Journal of Hepatology from 2004 to 2009. He is also current Editor of Patient Safety in Surgery and an Associate Editor of the American Journal of Transplantation. He has edited several books and published more than 400 articles in peer-reviewed journals.Michael G. Sarr, MD, graduated from the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore in 1976 and was elected a member of the Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Medical Society. In 1992 he became Chairman of the Division of Gastroenterologic and General Surgery at the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, and was appointed Professor of Surgery in 1995. In 2004 he was appointed James C. Masson Professor of Surgery at Mayo Clinic College of Medicine. He is currently Chair of the Division of Experimental Surgery at the Mayo Clinic. From 2001 to 2007 Dr. Sarr was Director of the American Board of Surgery, andfrom 2007 to 2009 he served as President of the International Surgical Society. He is Co-editor of both Surgery and International Surgery and has been a member of many other journal editorial boards. Dr. Sarr has published more than 450 full papers in peer-reviewed journals as well as more than 100 book chapters. He has also edited ten previous books.Masaru Miyazaki, MD, PhD, studied at Chiba University in Japan before becoming first Assistant Professor and then Associate Professor in the First Department of Surgery at the University. Since 2001 Dr. Miyazaki has been Professor and Chairman of the Department of General Surgery at Chiba University and in 2006 he became Vice-Director of Chiba University Hospital. In 2011 Dr. Miyazaki was appointed Director of the Hospital. Dr. Miyazaki has been a Visiting Professor at a number of universities, including the University of Toronto, Yonsei University (Seoul), and the University of Cincinnati. He is an Honorary Member of the Egyptian Society of Surgeons and in 2007 was appointed a full professor at the Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania. Dr. Miyazaki is a member of many professional bodies and is on the Executive Committee of the International Association of Surgeons, Gastroenterologists and Oncologists (IASGO).
