Atlas of Image-Guided Spinal Procedures

Dr. Furman has been a director and instructor at numerous spinal procedure courses and workshops. He is also recognized as a thought leader and educator in spine care and has won numerous awards for his teaching and clinical care including the AAPM&R Musculoskeletal Council Service Award, PASSOR Distinguished Clinician Award, the Rosenthal Award, Castle Connolly Top Doctors Award, Best Doctors Award and Patients' Choice Award.

• Section 1: Introduction1. Introduction: How to Use This Atlas2. Needle Techniques3. Fluoroscopic Techniques: Anatomy and Set-Up4. Ultrasound Techniques and Pearls5. Optimizing Patient Safety and Positioning6. Radiation SafetySection 2: Sacral/Coccygeal7A Caudal Epidural Steroid Injection--Shallow Angle Approach: Fluoroscopic Guidance7B Caudal Epidural Spinal Injection--Steep Angle Approach: Fluoroscopic Guidance7C Caudal Epidural Steroid Injection: Ultrasound Guidance8A Ganglion Impar Injection: Fluoroscopic Guidance8B Ganglion Impar Injection: Ultrasound Guidance9. Sacral Insufficiency Fracture Repair/Sacroplasty: Fluoroscopic Guidance10A Sacroiliac Intraarticular Joint Injections--Posterior Approach, Inferior Entry: Fluoroscopic Guidance10B Sacroiliac Intraarticular Joint Injection: Ultrasound Guidance11. S1 Transforaminal Epidural Steroid InjectionSection 3: Lumbar/Lumbosacral12. Lumbar Interlaminar Epidural Steroid Injection--Paramedian Approach: Fluoroscopic Guidance13A Lumbar Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injection--Supraneural, Traditional Single-Needle Technique: Fluoroscopic Guidance13B Lumbar Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injection--Supraneural, Two-Needle Technique: Fluoroscopic Guidance13C Lumbar Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injection--Infraneural: Fluoroscopic Guidance13D Lumbar Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injection--Needle Localization Diagrams14. Lumbar Myelography: Fluoroscopic Guidance15A Lumbar Zygapophysial Joint Intraarticular Joint Injection--Posterior Approach: Fluoroscopic Guidance15B Lumbar Zygapophysial Joint Nerve (Medial Branch) Injection--Oblique Approach: Fluoroscopic Guidance15C Lumbar Zygapophysial Joint Nerve (Medial Branch) Radiofrequency Neurotomy, Posterior Approach: Fluoroscopic Guidance15D Lumbar Medial Branch Blocks--Midline: Ultrasound Guidance15E Lumbar Zygapophysial Joint Innervation--Anatomy Diagram and Lesion Zone Diagram16. Lumbar Sympathetic Block: Fluoroscopic Guidance17A Lumbar Provocation Discography/Disc Access: Standard Fluoroscopic Techniques17B L5-S1 Disc Access: Fluoroscopic GuidanceSection 4: Thoracolumbar18. Thoracolumbular Spinal Cord Stimulation: Fluoroscopic Guidance19. Vertebral Augmentation (Vertebroplasty/Kyphoplasty), Transpedicular Approach: Fluoroscopic GuidanceSection 5: Thoracic20. Thoracic Interlaminar Epidural Steroid Injection--Paramedian Approach, Fluoroscopic Guidance21. Thoracic Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injection--Infraneural Approach22A Thoracic Zygapophysial Joint Intraarticular Injection--Posterior Approach: Fluoroscopic Guidance22B Thoracic Zygapophysial Joint Nerve (Medial Branch) Injection--Posterior Approach: Fluoroscopic Guidance22C Thoracic Zygapophysial Joint Nerve (Medial Branch) Radiofrequency Neurotomy--Posterior Approach: Fluoroscopic Guidance22D Thoracic Zygapophysial Joint Innervation--Anatomy Diagram23A Intercostal Nerve Injections: Fluoroscopic Guidance23B Intercostal Nerve Injection--In-Plane Approach: Ultrasound Guidance24. Thoracic Disc Access: Fluoroscopic GuidanceSection 6: Cervical25. Cervical Interlaminar Epidural Steroid Injection--Paramedian Approach: Fluoroscopic Guidance26. Cervical Spinal Cord Stimulation, Fluoroscopic Guidance27. Cervical Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injection: Fluoroscopic Guidance28A Stellate Ganglion Injection: Fluoroscopic Guidance28B Stellate Ganglion Injection: Ultrasound Guidance29. Cervical Discography/Disc Access30A Cervical Zygapophysial Joint Intraarticular Injection--Posterior Approach: Fluoroscopic Guidance30B Cervical Zygapophysial Joint Intraarticular Injection--Lateral Approach: Fluoroscopic Guidance30C Cervical Zygapophysial Nerve (Medial Branch) Injection--Lateral Approach: Ultrasound Guidance30D Cervical Zygapophysial Joint Nerve (Medial Branch) Injection--Lateral Approach: Fluoroscopic Guidance30E Cervical Zygapophysial Joint Intraarticular Injection--Posterior Approach: Ultrasound Guidance30F Cervical Zygapophysial Joint Nerve (Medial Branch) Radiofrequency Neurotomy and Nerve Injection--Posterior Approach: Fluoroscopic Guidance30G Cervical Zygapophysial Joint Nerve (Medial Branch) Radiofrequency Neurotomy and Nerve Injection--Posterior Approach: Ultrasound Guidance30H Cervical Zygapophysial Joint Innervation--Anatomy Diagram and Lesion Zone Diagrams31. Atlantoaxial Joint Intraarticular Injection: Fluoroscopic Guidance32. Atlantooccipital Joint Intraarticular Injection: Fluoroscopic Guidance33. Greater Occipital Nerve Steroid Injection-In Plane Approach: Ultrasound GuidanceSection 7: Additional Image-Guided Procedures for the Spine Care and Pain Specialist: Spine Pain Mimickers Shoulder Region 34A Shoulder/Glenohumeral Joint Intraarticular Injection--Anterior Approach: Fluoroscopic Guidance34B Intraarticular Shoulder/Glenohumeral Joint Injection--Posterior Approach: Ultrasound Guidance34C Shoulder/Subacromial/Subdeltoid Injection--Lateral Approach: Ultrasound Guidance34D Shoulder/Acromioclavicular Joint Injection--Posterior Approach: Ultrasound Guidance34E Shoulder/Suprascapular Nerve Injection--Posterior Approach: Ultrasound Guidance34F Shoulder/Biceps Tendon Sheath Injection--Anterior Approach: Ultrasound GuidanceHip Region 35A Intra-articular Hip Injection--Anterior Approach: Fluoroscopic Guidance35B Intra-articular Hip Injection--Lateral Approach: Fluoroscopic Guidance35C Intraarticular Hip Injection--Anterior Approach: Ultrasound Guidance35D Greater Trochanteric/Gluteus Medius Injection: Ultrasound Guidance35E Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Injection: Ultrasound Guidance36A Iliac Crest Biopsy/Aspiration: Fluoroscopic Guidance36B Iliac Crest Biopsy: Ultrasound GuidanceAppendixSpine Intervention References and Tables