Anand Veeravagu is Associate Professor of Neurosurgery Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine. Dr. Veeravagu is an expert in the field of minimally invasive spine surgery and serves on national committees. He is the Director of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery at Stanford University and Director of the Stanford Neurosurgical Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Laboratory. He currently serves as the team neurosurgeon for the San Francisco 49ers. He is a leader in the field, having edited and authored a textbook on Robotic and Navigated Spine Surgery.Ethan Schonfeld is a medical student at Stanford University School of Medicine. He is a member of the Stanford Neurosurgical Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Laboratory. He has earned a master's degree at Stanford Medicine in Biomedical Informatics where his research focused on the generation of synthetic imaging in neurosurgery. He has authored numerous journal articles and multiple textbook chapters on artificial intelligence in neurosurgery.

• Chapter 1: Neurons to Networks – Introducing the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Modern NeurosurgeryChapter 2: Multimodal Foundation Models for HealthcareChapter 3: From Data to Decisions: AI-Driven Outcome Prediction in Spine SurgeryChapter 4: Outcome Prediction in Brain SurgeryChapter 5: Outcome Prediction in Neurosurgery: Liquid Biopsy and the Role of Machine LearningChapter 6: Diagnostic Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Neuro OncologyChapter 7: Detection and Diagnosis of Cerebrovascular Lesions Using Artificial IntelligenceChapter 8: Artificial Intelligence Usage by Robotics in NeurosurgeryChapter 9: The Compass of the Future: Machine Learning-Guided Navigation in Spine SurgeryChapter 10: Artificial Intelligence for Surgical Workflow AnalysisChapter 11: The Mind-Machine InterfaceChapter 12: Neurosurgical Sub-Task AutomationChapter 13: Artificial Intelligence for Simulation and Neurosurgical TrainingChapter 14: Computer Vision in NeurosurgeryChapter 15: Large Language Models in NeurosurgeryChapter 16: Federated Learning in NeurosurgeryChapter 17: Policy Perspective on the Regulatory Landscape, Evaluation, and Translation of Artificial Intelligence for NeurosurgeryChapter 18: Neurosurgical Data Sources and Data Needs for Artificial IntelligenceChapter 19: Current Challenges for Deep Learning Neurosurgery: Clinically Applicable Metrics and Domain ShiftChapter 20: Using Operating Room Audio and Video for Predictive AnalyticsChapter 21: Advancing Basic Laboratory Research by Artificial Intelligence

Anand Veeravagu is Associate Professor of Neurosurgery Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine. Dr. Veeravagu is an expert in the field of minimally invasive spine surgery and serves on national committees. He is the Director of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery at Stanford University and Director of the Stanford Neurosurgical Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Laboratory. He currently serves as the team neurosurgeon for the San Francisco 49ers. He is a leader in the field, having edited and authored a textbook on Robotic and Navigated Spine Surgery.Ethan Schonfeld is a medical student at Stanford University School of Medicine. He is a member of the Stanford Neurosurgical Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Laboratory. He has earned a master's degree at Stanford Medicine in Biomedical Informatics where his research focused on the generation of synthetic imaging in neurosurgery. He has authored numerous journal articles and multiple textbook chapters on artificial intelligence in neurosurgery.

• Chapter 1: Neurons to Networks – Introducing the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Modern NeurosurgeryChapter 2: Multimodal Foundation Models for HealthcareChapter 3: From Data to Decisions: AI-Driven Outcome Prediction in Spine SurgeryChapter 4: Outcome Prediction in Brain SurgeryChapter 5: Outcome Prediction in Neurosurgery: Liquid Biopsy and the Role of Machine LearningChapter 6: Diagnostic Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Neuro OncologyChapter 7: Detection and Diagnosis of Cerebrovascular Lesions Using Artificial IntelligenceChapter 8: Artificial Intelligence Usage by Robotics in NeurosurgeryChapter 9: The Compass of the Future: Machine Learning-Guided Navigation in Spine SurgeryChapter 10: Artificial Intelligence for Surgical Workflow AnalysisChapter 11: The Mind-Machine InterfaceChapter 12: Neurosurgical Sub-Task AutomationChapter 13: Artificial Intelligence for Simulation and Neurosurgical TrainingChapter 14: Computer Vision in NeurosurgeryChapter 15: Large Language Models in NeurosurgeryChapter 16: Federated Learning in NeurosurgeryChapter 17: Policy Perspective on the Regulatory Landscape, Evaluation, and Translation of Artificial Intelligence for NeurosurgeryChapter 18: Neurosurgical Data Sources and Data Needs for Artificial IntelligenceChapter 19: Current Challenges for Deep Learning Neurosurgery: Clinically Applicable Metrics and Domain ShiftChapter 20: Using Operating Room Audio and Video for Predictive AnalyticsChapter 21: Advancing Basic Laboratory Research by Artificial Intelligence

Anand Veeravagu is Associate Professor of Neurosurgery Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine. Dr. Veeravagu is an expert in the field of minimally invasive spine surgery and serves on national committees. He is the Director of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery at Stanford University and Director of the Stanford Neurosurgical Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Laboratory. He currently serves as the team neurosurgeon for the San Francisco 49ers. He is a leader in the field, having edited and authored a textbook on Robotic and Navigated Spine Surgery.Ethan Schonfeld is a medical student at Stanford University School of Medicine. He is a member of the Stanford Neurosurgical Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Laboratory. He has earned a master's degree at Stanford Medicine in Biomedical Informatics where his research focused on the generation of synthetic imaging in neurosurgery. He has authored numerous journal articles and multiple textbook chapters on artificial intelligence in neurosurgery.

• Chapter 1: Neurons to Networks – Introducing the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Modern NeurosurgeryChapter 2: Multimodal Foundation Models for HealthcareChapter 3: From Data to Decisions: AI-Driven Outcome Prediction in Spine SurgeryChapter 4: Outcome Prediction in Brain SurgeryChapter 5: Outcome Prediction in Neurosurgery: Liquid Biopsy and the Role of Machine LearningChapter 6: Diagnostic Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Neuro OncologyChapter 7: Detection and Diagnosis of Cerebrovascular Lesions Using Artificial IntelligenceChapter 8: Artificial Intelligence Usage by Robotics in NeurosurgeryChapter 9: The Compass of the Future: Machine Learning-Guided Navigation in Spine SurgeryChapter 10: Artificial Intelligence for Surgical Workflow AnalysisChapter 11: The Mind-Machine InterfaceChapter 12: Neurosurgical Sub-Task AutomationChapter 13: Artificial Intelligence for Simulation and Neurosurgical TrainingChapter 14: Computer Vision in NeurosurgeryChapter 15: Large Language Models in NeurosurgeryChapter 16: Federated Learning in NeurosurgeryChapter 17: Policy Perspective on the Regulatory Landscape, Evaluation, and Translation of Artificial Intelligence for NeurosurgeryChapter 18: Neurosurgical Data Sources and Data Needs for Artificial IntelligenceChapter 19: Current Challenges for Deep Learning Neurosurgery: Clinically Applicable Metrics and Domain ShiftChapter 20: Using Operating Room Audio and Video for Predictive AnalyticsChapter 21: Advancing Basic Laboratory Research by Artificial Intelligence