Architecture, State Modernism and Cultural Nationalism in the Apartheid Capital

Hilton Judin is an architect and Director of Postgraduate Architecture at the School of Architecture & Planning at Wits University. He has developed a number of exhibitions, including a display of apartheid state documents and public video testimonies [setting apart] with the History Workshop in Johannesburg and District Six Museum in Cape Town. He was curator and editor (with Ivan Vladislavić) of blank____ Architecture, apartheid and after for the Netherlands Architecture Institute. He was in practice with Nina Cohen on the Nelson Mandela Museum in Mvezo and Qunu, and Living Landscape Project in Clanwilliam. He edited the volume Falling Monuments, Reluctant Ruins: Persistence of the Past in the Architecture of Apartheid. He is working on the Political Evolution of Community Building, and with the History Workshop on the conference and anthology In Whose Place? Confronting the Vestiges of the Colonial Landscape in Africa. He continues with compilation of an Anatomy of Apartheid.

• Introduction: "South Africa Builds …" 1. Apartheid Ideology and Architectural Form: State Building in Pretoria 2. Atomic Research Centre 3. Volkseie: Afrikaners and the University of Pretoria 4. Emerging Traditions: The Vernacular in "Separate Development" 5. Norman Eaton’s Glass Cabinet: Wachthuis 6. Hubris: Isolated Edifices, State Apparatuses and a Depleted Vision Conclusion: Architecture for Ourselves Bibliography Index

"In this new book, Hilton Judin tells the story of the unlikely marriage in postwar South Africa between the reactionary racism of the apartheid system and the technocratic, future-orientated utopianism of modernist architecture. In recent years, the distinctive forms of postwar modernism spawned by totalitarian communist regimes have been thoroughly investigated, but Judin’s book resoundingly fills in a glaring gap in knowledge at the other end of the ideological spectrum. It shows how modernist ideals and technologies, and grand, futuristic public building complexes – developed in alliance with an Afrikaner nationalism that also paradoxically concerned itself with researching ‘Bantu vernacular tradition’ - fuelled the mushrooming confidence and prosperity of the apartheid regime, and helped prolong its survival."Miles Glendinning, Professor of Architectural Conservation and Director, Scottish Centre for Conservation Studies, University of Edinburgh"In the increasingly precise cartography of the relationship between reactionary regimes and architecture, the policies of Apartheid South Africa had remained – appropriately, so to say, a white spot. Through a series of delicately carved case studies, Hilton Judin has brilliantly mapped the programs through which white supremacism has grounded its architectural expression – from the buildings for atomic research and science to the suburbs planned for the oppressed majority. Thanks to his rigorous investigation, this missing chapter of 20th century architecture is now open for further interpretation."Jean-Louis Cohen, Sheldon H. Solow Professor in the History of Architecture, Institute of Fine Arts, New York University "Hilton Judin’s book gives a critical account of Pretoria’s architecture in the 20th century focusing specifically on the period from the 1950s to the 1980s, covering the early to the late apartheid era in South Africa. In this volume Judin is able to explore the ‘psyche’ of the Nationalist government who commissioned the architecture which ultimately became the most effective physical symbol of the apartheid state, its policies, hopes and ideals in its most influential era… A must read for students and historians of Pretoria who seek to understand how the city's planning and physical structures were central to the promotion of the apartheid project in South Africa."Ola Uduku, Liverpool School of Architecture, University of Liverpool