Charlotte A. Roberts is a bioarchaeologist and Professor Emerita of Archaeology at the Department of Archaeology, Durham University.Mary E. Lewis is Professor of Bioarchaeology in the Department of Archaeology, University of Reading.Jacalyn Duffin is a hematologist and Hannah Professor Emerita of the History of Medicine at Queen's University.Keith Manchester is a retired practicing clinician and Honorary Professor of Palaeopathology in the Biological Anthropology Research Centre at the University of Bradford.