Known as causal models with a conspicuous presence in the field of consumer psychology, structural equation model (SEM) allows complex modelling of correlated multivariate data in order to sieve out their interrelationships among observed and latent variables. This graduate textbook introduces the four main types of structural equation models, the path diagram for model specification, model identification, model estimation, model fit evaluation, and practical issues to consider when implementing models. Example code demonstrates applied structural equation modelling using R and STATA.