Meng Xu is an Associate Professor at the School of Public Administration, Zhejiang University of Finance & Economics. She received her Ph.D. in Environmental Science from Beijing Normal University in 2018. Her research interest mainly concentrates on water resources management and allocation. Chunhui Li is currently a Professor at Beijing Normal University, where he previously served as Director of the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Water and Sand Science for 10 years. His research activities are mainly devoted to water resources and water environment. He is engaged in numerous research associations and societies for environmental and dam research, and has published more than 100 journal papers and 10 academic books.

• Introduction.- PART I: Virtual Water and Water Footprint Accounting.- The Concepts of Virtual Water and Water Footprint.- Water Footprint Accounting Method.- PART II: Evaluation of Water Stresses Based on WFs.- Studies on the Evaluation of Water Footprints at Various Regional Scales.- Principal Water Stress Analysis Indexes and Approaches Based on WFs.- PART III: Study Cases: Water Stress Evaluation Under Multiple Regional Scales.- Study Cases: Water Stresses Evaluation at the Provincial Scale —the Zhejiang Province Case Study.- Study Case: Evaluation of Water Stresses at the River Basin Scale — the Haihe River Basin Case Study.- Case Study: Evaluation of Water Stresses at the City Scale —Dalian.- Comparisons of the Major Indexes on Water Stresses Analysis under Multiple Regional Scales.- PART IV: Water Footprint Accounting Application in Water Management Strategies.- Influencing Factors Analysis of Water Footprint Based on Extended STIRPAT Model.- Optimal Water Utilization and Allocation Strategy based on Water Footprint Accounting.- Conclusions.