Appendix, Colon, and Rectum

Kota Momose was a medical undergraduate in Osaka University, Japan, and then trained in Toranomon Hospital in Tokyo, Japan, as a Junior and Senior Surgical Resident, where he later worked as a Stuff Surgeon of the department of GI surgery. He then studied at the Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, and received his PhD in 2017. His PhD work was on molecular biology of oesophageal cancer. He moved to New York City, USA, where he was a Postdoc Research Fellow in the Department of Surgery at Weill Cornell Medicine for 2.5 years, working on device development on GI treatment. He returned to Japan and worked as a Junior Faculty in the Department of Surgery, Kindai University Hospital. His clinical and research interests are in the surgical management of GI cancer.Parul J. Shukla is Regional Chief of Colon and Rectal Surgery at Northwell Health, New York, USA, and Professor of Surgery at the Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell, New York, USA. He received his M.B.B.S. and Master of Surgery degrees from Grant Medical College, Mumbai, India, and completed his general surgery residency at Grant Medical College and Sir J.J. Group of Hospitals, India. Dr Shukla has published over 120 peer reviewed articles, 11 book chapters, and has served as Editor in Chief of the Journal of Colorectal Diseases. He is Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of Glasgow, Honorary Member of the Caribbean Society of Endoscopic Surgeons, and was conferred Honorary Fellowship of the Association of Colon and Rectal Surgeons of India. Dr Shukla specializes in the surgical and endoscopic removal of colorectal cancer and polyps.Jeffrey W. Milsom received his medical degree from the University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. He completed his residencies at Roosevelt Hospital in New York, USA, and the University of Virginia Medical Center, USA, followed by a Fellowship in Colon and Rectal Surgery at the Ferguson Clinic, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA. He is the former Chief of Colon and Rectal Surgery in the Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA, and is currently one of the leaders of the Center for Intelligent Image-Guided Interventions (CI-3). He is a member of several professional societies and Fellow at the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons, the American College of Surgeons, and the Society of Surgical Oncology. Dr Milsom specializes in minimally invasive surgery and his career has focused on finding safer, less invasive, and futuristic approaches to surgical interventions for colon and rectal diseases.

• 1: Lea Lowenfeld: Appendix: Acute appendicitis2: Lama Obeid, Jackly Juprasert, and Heather Yeo: Appendix: Appendiceal neoplasms3: Alyssa G. Blood and Demetri J. Merianos: Paediatric colorectal surgery4: Vinay Rai, Aditi Mishra, and Nitin Mishra: Haemorrhoids5: Daniel L. Feingold: Anal fissure6: Matthew Sweeney and Tushar Samdani: Anorectal abscess7: Roy Patankar: Fistula in ano8: Toyooki Sonoda: Rectovaginal and rectovesical fistulae9: Coen I.M. Baeten and Cornelius G.M.I. Baeten: Faecal incontinence10: Michael Marco, Richard W. Cass, and Kelly A. Garrett: Rectal prolapse11: Pamela W. Lu, Adam C. Fields, and Nelya Melnitchouk: The workup of colorectal cancer12: Hiroki Ochiai, Yoshiyuki Ishii, and Masahiko Watanabe: Colon cancer surgery13: Shigeo Toda, Hiroya Kuroyanagi, and Shuichiro Matoba: Rectal cancer surgery14: James W. T. Toh and Seon Hahn Kim: Robotic colorectal surgery15: Onyinye Balogun: Role of radiotherapy in colorectal cancers16: Ethan L. Parisier and Allyson J. Ocean: Role of chemotherapy in colorectal cancers17: Ravin R. Kumar and John A. Michel-Ruddy: Diverticular disease18: Olga Beresneva, Kristen Donohue, and David A. Kleiman: Ischaemic colitis19: Hannah Thompson, Fadwa Ali, and Maria Widmar: Radiation proctitis20: Kemal Deen, Kesara Ratnatunge, and Raeed Deen: Management of colonic volvulus21: Benjamin L. Gordon, Emily S. Smith, Christopher Tricarico, and David W. Wan: Ulcerative colitis: Non-surgical management22: Michael J. Grieco and Feza H. Remzi: Ulcerative colitis: Surgical management23: Christopher Mascarenhas and Ravi Pokala Kiran: Crohn's disease24: Emmanouil P. Pappou: Intestinal stomas25: Carl V. Crawford and Enad Dawod: Clostridioides difficile infection26: Satoshi Yamashita and Shu Hoteya: Endoscopic evaluation for surgeons27: Yuko Fujii, Brett Van Leer-Greenberg, and Makoto Nishimura: Current endoscopic treatment techniques: Polypectomy, EMR, ESD28: Dong Yoon, Kyle Cologne, and Sang W. Lee: Combined endoscopic and laparoscopic surgery (CELS)29: Priyanka A. Sali and Govind Nandakumar: Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM), transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS), and transanal total mesorectal excision (Ta TME)30: Kiyokazu Nakajima and Kota Momose: Endoluminal surgery in the future