Analysis of Amyloid Using Various Methods

Prof. Dr. med. Josef Makovitzky, born in Hungary in 1942, is a well-known  figure in the field of amyloid and membrane research. His academic career began at the University of Pécs (Hungary), where he studied medicine from 1962 to 1968.After completing his studies, he became an assistant doctor at the Institute of Pathology at the University of Pécs under Prof Dr George Romhányi, an amyloid researcher.Later, he assumed the position of Prosector at the I. Institute of Pathology of the Semmelweis University of Budapest from 1973 to 1976 under Prof. Dr. K. Lapis. His dedication to education and medicine led him to become Deputy Head of the Department of Morphology at the ORFI Hospital in Budapest between 1976 and 1983. Prof. Makovitzky's academic journey took him to Jena, Germany, where he completed his habilitation in 1980 under the direction of Prof. Dr. Günther Geyer, which he defended in Budapest. He subsequently moved to Kiel and Erlangen, where he worked as a physician assistant and scientific assistant at the Institute of Pathology, respectively.In the following years, he assumed duties as deputy chief physician at the AK Hamburg and visiting professor of pathology at the Martin Luther University Halle/Wittenberg. Prof. Makovitzky's dedication to education extended internationally, holding visiting professorships in Budapest, Pécs, Heidelberg, Freiburg i. Br., Ulm, and Szeged, covering diverse fields from neuropathology to special pathology and clinical pathology. Throughout his career, Prof. Makovitzky's academic contributions remained remarkable. He authored 329 publications, 65 book contributions, 1 monograph, and 3 books. His research interests encompass studies related to amyloid, membran and microscopy techniques.In particular, his paper "The relevance of Aldehyde-bisulfite toluidine blue reaction and its variants in the submicroscopic carbohydrate research" gained prominence, remaining among the top ten histochemistry for three years. His academic activities have been recognized by his membership in prestigious institutions such as the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the European Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters. Dr. rer. nat. Thomas R. Appel, born in Germany in 1970, teaches chemistry, physics, and scientific project work at the Lower Saxony Boarding School in Bederkesa (near Bremen). His academic career began at the University of Halle/Saale (Germany), where he studied chemistry from 1990 to 1995.After his studies, he obtained a Ph.D. in Biophysics at the University of Düsseldorf on the analysis of lipids and carbohydrates in prion amyloid. Later, he did postdoctoral studies and led a research group at the Leibniz Institute of Molecular Biotechnology in Jena (Germany) from 2000 to 2003. Since 2004 he has worked as a teacher and science coordinator at the Lower Saxony Boarding School.Dr. Appel authored 20 original publications, several book contributions, patents, and public science papers. His research interests shifted from amyloid and analytical techniques to chemistry and physics didactics.His discovery of a lipid and polysaccharide component in prion amyloid opened new insights into the complex composition of amyloid fibrils. He is a member of the German Chemical Society and the German Society for the Promotion of Teaching Mathematics and Natural Sciences. Prof. Dr. med. Levente Emődy, born in Hungary in 1944, is an expert in the field of microbial pathogenesis. His academic career began at the University of Pécs (Hungary) where he studied medicine from 1963 to 1969.After his studies, he started as a research assistant at the Department of Microbiology of the University of Pécs and progressed in the academic stages to become a professor and head at the same department. At present, he is professor emeritus at the University of Pécs. His research interest has focussed on infections by Listeria monocytogenes and various representatives of the family of Enterobacteriaceae. He has cooperated with the Institute of Experimental Medicine in Saint Petersburg, the University of Würzburg, the University of Lund, the University of Giessen, the University of Heidelberg, and the University of Freiburg / i.Br.Research accomplishments: a) Characterisation of the biologic functions of Escherichia coli and Proteus morganii haemolysins, b) Description of the matrix protein binding capacities of human pathogenic Yersinia spp, Helicobacter pylori and Aeromonas salmonicida, c) Description of a new fimbria species (GVVPQ fimbriae) on the surface of Salmonella enteritidis and diarrhoic Escherichia coli. d) Demonstration that resuscitated „viable but non-culturable” Legionella pneumophila cells possess virulence capacity. e) Investigation of virulence functions connected with global regulatory gene sequences in Escherichia coli and Salmonella enteritidis, among others.The results of the above research have been published in journals like Infection and Immunity, Journal of Bacteriology, Molecular Microbiology, and Applied and Environmental Microbiology.He is a member of the Editorial Board at the Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica (1993-), Hungarian Medical Journal (2024-) and International Journal of Medical Microbiology (2005-2022), Editor of a book on urinary tract pathogens published by Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, 2000.He started the topo-optical investigation of the bacterial surface with Prof. J. Fischer in the 1970s and later extended this research to bacterial amyloids with Prof. J. Makovitzky, resulting in a chapter of this book. Dr. Beáta Marianna Kovács, MSc, PhD, born in Hungary, in 1977, graduated in 2001 from Eötvös Loránd University, Faculty of Science, Budapest, MSc in Chemistry, Specialization in Pharmaceutical Research. She received her Ph.D. in 2009 from Szent István University, Budapest, Faculty of Veterinary Science. Currently, she is working as a Business Development Manager at a global contract research organization providing support in pharmaceutical research and development.

• Part I. Human Amyloid.- Chapter 1. The Basics of Amyloids.- Chapter 2. Amyloid Structure.- Chapter 3. Techniques.- Chapter 4. Amyloidosis.- Part II. Non-Human Amyloid.- Chapter 5. Animal Amyloidosis.- Chapter 6. Microbial Amyloids with Emphasis on Polarisation Optical Analysis.- Chapter 7. The Structure of the ex vivo Isolated Amyloid Fibrils.- Chapter 8. Amyloid in the Brain.