American Corrections in Brief

Dr. Todd R. Clear is university professor of criminal law at Rutgers University in Newark, New Jersey. He is currently involved in studies examining the effects of incarceration, the criminological implications of "place" and the concept of "community justice." A prolific author, Dr. Clear has written on topics of correctional classification, prediction methods in correctional programming, community-based correctional methods, intermediate sanctions and sentencing policy. He has served as president of several professional organizations, including the American Society of Criminology and the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences. Dr. Clear has served as a programming and policy consultant to public agencies in more than 40 states and five nations. In addition, his work has been recognized with prestigious awards from the American Society of Criminology, the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences, The Rockefeller School of Public Policy, the American Probation and Parole Association and the International Community Corrections Association. Dr. Clear has written 13 books addressing various aspects of the justice system, including three books on community justice and a book on mass incarceration. Dr. Michael Reisig is professor of criminology and criminal justice at Arizona State University. He received his Ph.D. from Washington State University. Previous to joining Arizona State University, he served on the faculty of Michigan State University and Florida State University. Dr. Reisig's corrections research has appeared in several leading criminology journals, including Criminology, Crime and Delinquency, Justice Quarterly and Punishment and Society. Carolyn Petrosino is Professor of Criminal Justice and Founding Chair of the Department of Criminal Justice at Bridgewater State University in Massachusetts. She received her Ph.D. from Rutgers University in 1993. Prior to beginning her teaching career, she held various positions in the corrections system of the State of New Jersey. Her publications include journal articles and book chapters on such topics as hate crimes, juvenile delinquency, sexual offenders, and parole decision-making. She has published in Crime and Delinquency, Journal of Social Issues, Journal of Criminal Justice, Police Quarterly, and Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice. Dr. Petrosino's forthcoming book is UNDERSTANDING HATE CRIMES: ACTS, MOTIVES, OFFENDERS, VICTIMS, AND JUSTICE (Routledge). The late George F. Cole was professor emeritus of political science at the University of Connecticut. He was recognized for outstanding teaching and research, and in 1995 was named a fellow of the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences. A specialist in the administration of criminal justice, Dr. Cole published extensively on such topics as prosecution, courts and corrections. He also developed and directed the graduate corrections program at the University of Connecticut and was a fellow at the National Institute of Justice (1988). Among his other accomplishments, Dr. Cole was granted two awards under the Fulbright-Hays Program to conduct criminal justice research in England and the former Yugoslavia.

• Part I: CORRECTIONAL CONTEXT.1. What Is Corrections?2. Punishment of Offenders.Part II: CORRECTIONS IN THE COMMUNITY.3. Jails.4. Probation and Intermediate Sanctions.5. Probation Supervision.Part III: INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTIONS.6. Prisons.7. Prison Experience.8. Management and Staffing.9. Special Populations.Part IV: CORRECTIONAL ISSUES.10. Reentry and Community Supervision.11. Legal Issues and the Death Penalty.12. Juvenile Corrections.13. Corrections Today and Tomorrow.