Algorithms for Communications Systems and their Applications

• Preface 3Acknowledgments 31 Elements of signal theory 71.1 Continuous-time linear systems 71.2 Discrete-time linear systems 101.3 Signal bandwidth 221.4 Passband signals and systems 261.5 Second-order analysis of random processes 381.6 The autocorrelation matrix 561.7 Examples of random processes 601.8 Matched filter 661.9 Ergodic random processes 691.10 Parametric models of random processes 821.11 Guide to the bibliography 95Bibliography 95Appendixes 972 The Wiener filter 1292.1 The Wiener filter 1292.2 Linear prediction 1402.3 The least squares method 1452.4 The estimation problem 1552.5 Examples of application 164Bibliography 173Appendixes 1743 Adaptive transversal filters 1793.1 The MSE design criterion 1803.2 The recursive least squares algorithm 2083.3 Fast recursive algorithms 2153.4 Examples of application 216Bibliography 2214 Transmission channels 2234.1 Radio channel 2234.2 Telephone channel 268Appendixes 272Bibliography 2745 Vector quantization 2775.1 Basic concept 2775.2 Characterization of VQ 2785.3 Optimum quantization 2815.4 The Linde, Buzo, and Gray algorithm 2845.5 Variants of VQ 2885.6 VQ of channel state information 2925.7 Principal component analysis 295Bibliography 2996 Digital transmission model and channel capacity 3016.1 Digital transmission model 3016.2 Detection 3056.3 Relevant parameters of the digital transmission model 3146.4 Error probability 3176.5 Capacity 3206.6 Achievable rates of modulations in AWGN channels 326Bibliography 333Appendixes 3347 Single-carrier modulation 3417.1 Signals and systems 3417.2 Intersymbol interference 3567.3 Performance analysis 3657.4 Channel equalization 3677.5 Optimum methods for data detection 4107.6 Numerical results obtained by simulations 4477.7 Precoding for dispersive channels 4517.8 Channel estimation 4567.9 Faster-than-Nyquist Signalling 4678 Multicarrier modulation 4998.1 MC systems 4998.2 Orthogonality conditions 5008.3 Efficient implementation of MC systems 5028.4 Non-critically sampled filter banks 5108.5 Examples of MC systems 5158.6 Analog signal processing requirements in MC systems 5178.7 Equalization 5218.8 Orthogonal time frequency space modulation 5268.9 Channel estimation in OFDM 5278.10 Multiuser access schemes 5328.11 Comparison between MC and SC systems 5358.12 Other MC waveforms 536Bibliography 5379 Transmission over multiple input multiple output channels 5399.1 The MIMO NB channel 5399.2 CSI only at the receiver 5459.3 CSI only at the transmitter 5589.4 CSI at both the transmitter and the receiver 5659.5 Hybrid beamforming 5669.6 Multiuser MIMO: broadcast channel 5689.7 Multiuser MIMO: multiple-access channel 5739.8 Massive MIMO 575Bibliography 57610 Spread-spectrum systems 58110.1 Spread-spectrum techniques 58110.2 Applications of spread-spectrum systems 59310.3 Chip matched filter and rake receiver 59710.4 Interference 60110.5 Single-user detection 60310.6 Multiuser detection 60610.7 Multicarrier CDMA systems 612Bibliography 613Appendixes 61510.A Walsh codes 61611 Channel codes 61911.1 System model 62011.2 Block codes 62211.3 Convolutional codes 69011.4 Puncturing 71111.5 Concatenated codes 71111.6 Turbo codes 71311.7 Iterative detection and decoding 73011.8 Low-density parity check codes 73411.9 Polar codes 75111.10 Milestones in channel coding 775Bibliography 775Appendixes 78111.A Nonbinary parity check codes 78212 Trellis coded modulation 78912.1 Linear TCM for one and two-dimensional signal sets 79012.2 Multidimensional TCM 81112.3 Rotationally invariant TCM schemes 817Bibliography 81713 Techniques to achieve capacity 81913.1 Capacity achieving solutions for multicarrier systems 81913.2 Capacity achieving solutions for single carrier systems 833Achieving capacity 837Bibliography 83814 Synchronization 83914.1 The problem of synchronization for QAM systems 83914.2 The phase-locked loop 84114.3 Costas loop 85214.4 The optimum receiver 85614.5 Algorithms for timing and carrier phase recovery 86314.6 Algorithms for carrier frequency recovery 88014.7 Second-order digital PLL 88514.8 Synchronization in spread-spectrum systems 88514.9 Synchronization in OFDM 89114.10 Synchronization in SC-FDMA 896Bibliography 89915 Self-training equalization 90115.1 Problem definition and fundamentals 90115.2 Three algorithms for PAM systems 90815.3 The contour algorithm for PAM systems 91015.4 Self-training equalization for partial response systems 91315.5 Self-training equalization for QAM systems 91715.6 Examples of applications 924Bibliography 928Appendixes 93015.A On the convergence of the contour algorithm 93116 Low-complexity demodulators 93316.1 Phase-shift keying 93316.2 (D)PSK non-coherent receivers 94016.3 Optimum receivers for signals with random phase 94616.4 Frequency-based modulations 95716.5 Gaussian MSK 968Bibliography 985Appendixes 98516.A Continuous phase modulation 98617 Applications of interference cancellation 98917.1 Echo and near–end crosstalk cancellation for PAM systems 99017.2 Echo cancellation for QAM systems 99817.3 Echo cancellation for OFDM systems 100117.4 Multiuser detection for VDSL 1004Bibliography 101418 Examples of communication systems 101918.1 The 5G cellular system 101918.2 GSM 103218.3 Wireless local area networks 103618.4 DECT 103718.5 Bluetooth 104018.6 Transmission over unshielded twisted pairs 104118.7 Hybrid fibre/coaxial cable networks 1048Bibliography 1053Appendixes 105718.A Duplexing 105818.B Deterministic access methods 105919 High-speed communications over twisted-pair cables 106319.1 Quaternary partial response class-IV system 106319.2 Dual duplex system 1077Bibliography 1087Appendixes 108719.A Interference suppression 1088

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