Mercedes García-Arenal is Professor of Arabic Studies at the Higher Council of Scientific Research in Madrid.

• Acknowledgments INTRODUCTION 1 THE BATTLE OF ALCAZARWhy did the battle take place?The main protagonists at the battle of Alcazar 2 ABD AL-MALIK AND AHMAD BEFORE THE BATTLE OF ALCAZARAlgiersAbd al-Malik’s propagandaMuley Ahmad al-Mansur 3 SIXTEENTH-CENTURY MOROCCO: ITS POPULATION, CITIES, RELIGIOUS ELITES AND ARMYThe population of Morocco: Arabs and BerbersThe citiesThe ‘ulamaThe Sufi brotherhoodsQadiriyya and ShadhiliyyaSharifismThe army 4 RENEGADES, MORISCOS AND JEWSRenegadesAndalusians or MoriscosJews 5 DIPLOMACY AND TRADEThe Spanish reaction to Alcazar: the captive princesEngland and the cause of the Portuguese restorationThe Barbary CompanyThe Iberian unionCadiz and AmericaThe Moroccan embassy to EnglandThe sultan’s memorandumAhmad and El Dorado 6 THE CONQUEST OF WESTERN SUDANSudanese goldThe SaharaThe expedition 7 THE CONSTRUCTION OF AN IMPERIAL IDEOLOGYMarrakesh: the capital city and the palaceBelief in the Mahdi 8 MESSIANISM AND THE RIVALRY WITH THE OTTOMANSThe Millennium and the conquest of Western SudanMoroccan rivalry with the OttomansPlague, hunger and war CONCLUSION Sources and BibliographyIndex

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Mercedes García-Arenal is Professor of Arabic Studies at the Higher Council of Scientific Research in Madrid.

• Acknowledgments INTRODUCTION 1 THE BATTLE OF ALCAZARWhy did the battle take place?The main protagonists at the battle of Alcazar 2 ABD AL-MALIK AND AHMAD BEFORE THE BATTLE OF ALCAZARAlgiersAbd al-Malik’s propagandaMuley Ahmad al-Mansur 3 SIXTEENTH-CENTURY MOROCCO: ITS POPULATION, CITIES, RELIGIOUS ELITES AND ARMYThe population of Morocco: Arabs and BerbersThe citiesThe ‘ulamaThe Sufi brotherhoodsQadiriyya and ShadhiliyyaSharifismThe army 4 RENEGADES, MORISCOS AND JEWSRenegadesAndalusians or MoriscosJews 5 DIPLOMACY AND TRADEThe Spanish reaction to Alcazar: the captive princesEngland and the cause of the Portuguese restorationThe Barbary CompanyThe Iberian unionCadiz and AmericaThe Moroccan embassy to EnglandThe sultan’s memorandumAhmad and El Dorado 6 THE CONQUEST OF WESTERN SUDANSudanese goldThe SaharaThe expedition 7 THE CONSTRUCTION OF AN IMPERIAL IDEOLOGYMarrakesh: the capital city and the palaceBelief in the Mahdi 8 MESSIANISM AND THE RIVALRY WITH THE OTTOMANSThe Millennium and the conquest of Western SudanMoroccan rivalry with the OttomansPlague, hunger and war CONCLUSION Sources and BibliographyIndex

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Mercedes García-Arenal is Professor of Arabic Studies at the Higher Council of Scientific Research in Madrid.

• Acknowledgments INTRODUCTION 1 THE BATTLE OF ALCAZARWhy did the battle take place?The main protagonists at the battle of Alcazar 2 ABD AL-MALIK AND AHMAD BEFORE THE BATTLE OF ALCAZARAlgiersAbd al-Malik’s propagandaMuley Ahmad al-Mansur 3 SIXTEENTH-CENTURY MOROCCO: ITS POPULATION, CITIES, RELIGIOUS ELITES AND ARMYThe population of Morocco: Arabs and BerbersThe citiesThe ‘ulamaThe Sufi brotherhoodsQadiriyya and ShadhiliyyaSharifismThe army 4 RENEGADES, MORISCOS AND JEWSRenegadesAndalusians or MoriscosJews 5 DIPLOMACY AND TRADEThe Spanish reaction to Alcazar: the captive princesEngland and the cause of the Portuguese restorationThe Barbary CompanyThe Iberian unionCadiz and AmericaThe Moroccan embassy to EnglandThe sultan’s memorandumAhmad and El Dorado 6 THE CONQUEST OF WESTERN SUDANSudanese goldThe SaharaThe expedition 7 THE CONSTRUCTION OF AN IMPERIAL IDEOLOGYMarrakesh: the capital city and the palaceBelief in the Mahdi 8 MESSIANISM AND THE RIVALRY WITH THE OTTOMANSThe Millennium and the conquest of Western SudanMoroccan rivalry with the OttomansPlague, hunger and war CONCLUSION Sources and BibliographyIndex

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