Africa's Engagement with the Responsibility to Protect in the 21st Century

Nicholas Idris Erameh has a Bachelor of Science (BSc), a Master of Science (MSc), and a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Political Science with a Specialization in International Relations from the Department of Political Science, University of Ibadan. Erameh's research interests cut across the areas of Human Security, Armed Conflict, Human Rights, Ecological Security, Holocaust and Genocide Studies, Peacekeeping, Refugee and Migration, Humanitarian Intervention and the Responsibility to Protect (RtoP). Erameh is currently a senior research fellow at the Nigerian Institute of International Affairs (NIIA) and a post-doctoral fellow at the Department of Political Studies and International Relations, North-West University, South Africa. Before joining NIIA, he taught at the Department of Political Science and International Relations, Chrisland University, Abeokuta, Ogun State. Erameh is a recipient of several grants, awards, and scholarship prizes.Prof Victor Ojakorotu is the Deputy Director, School of Government Studies, Mafikeng at North West University, Mafikeng, South Africa. His research interests are African Politics, Nigeria, Conflict and Peace, Environmental Politics and Security. He is widely published in internationally accredited academic journals on the vexing subject of the Niger Delta. Some of books he has published on the Niger Delta are Contending Issues in the Niger Delta of Nigeria, Fresh Dimensions on the Niger Delta Crisis of Nigeria, Checkmating the Resurgence of Oil Violence in the Niger Delta of Nigeria and Anatomy of the Niger Delta Crisis: Causes, Consequences and Opportunities for Peace.

• Section I: Philosophical, Theoretical & Historical Overview Of The Responsibility To Protect.- Chapter I: Introduction.- Chapter II: Responsibility-to-Protect and a Tri-dimensional Methodology: Exploring the Epistemic-Morality of an Interventionist.- Chapter III: From Peacekeeping to the Responsibility to Protect: Unpacking the Genealogy and History of the RtoP Doctrine in the International Humanitarian System.- Section II: Theory & Practice Of The Responsibility To Protect In Africa.- Chapter IV: A Critical Reflection of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization’s Responsibility to Protect Intervention in Libya.- Chapter V: Horizontal Inequality - Armed Violence and the Responsibility to Protect in Africa: The Cote d’Ivoire Experience.- Chapter VI: Insurgency, Responsibility to Protect at the Expense of Local Protection in the Civilian Joint Task Force in the North-Eastern Region of Nigeria.- Chapter VII: The Sahel Region and the Dilemma of Civilian Protection: A Challenge to the Responsibility to Protect.- Chapter VIII: The Anglophone – Cameroon Conflict and the Responsibility to Protect.- Chapter IX: The Responsibility to Protect and International Community Response to the Boko Haram Insurgency in Nigeria.- Chapter X: From Regionalization of Peacekeeping to the Responsibility to Protect in Africa: The Gambia Experience.- Chapter XI: The US Foreign Policy and the Responsibility to Protect in Africa.- Section III: Emerging & contending issues from the pratice of the responsibility to protect in africa.- Chapter XII: The African Union, Responsibility to Protect and the Mantra of African Solutions to African Problems.- Chapter XIII: Implementing the RtoP: Coordinating Approaches Between the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) and the International Criminal Court (ICC).- Chapter XIV: Peace Enforcement In The Face of International Military Intervention.- Chapter XV: The Media, Armed Conflict, and the Responsibility to Protect.- Chapter XVI: Exploring the Legal Discourse on the Practice of the Responsibility to Protect in Africa.- Chapter XVII: Responsibility to Protect and the Avoidance of the Responsibility: Ending Atrocity Crimes in Northern Nigeria.- Chapter XVIII: Environmental Challenges, Climate Change and the Responsibility to Protect (RtoP) In Africa.- Section IV: Institutionalization, consolidation & prospects of the responsibility to protect in africa.- Chapter XIX: From the Sustainable Development Goal 16 to the African Union's Silencing the Guns Agenda: Why is it so Difficult to Achieve Sustainable Peace and Stability in Africa?.- Chapter XX: Can the Responsibility to Protect Doctrine Act as a Deterrent against Mass Atrocity and Human Rights Infringement in Africa?.- Chapter XXI: The Responsibility to Protect (RtoP): Norm Institutionalization, Issues, and Challenges.- Chapter XXII: Responsibility to Protect: From Contestation to Internationalization.