Nana Poku is Research Professor of Health Economics at the Health Economics and AIDS Research Division (HEARD) at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. He was formerly Executive Director, United Nations Commission on HIV/AIDS and Governance in Africa (2003–05) and Director of Operational Research, World Bank AIDS Treatment Acceleration Programme (2004–06).Jim Whitman is Professorial Fellow and Co-Director of the HEARD PhD Programme, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, and General Editor of the Palgrave Global Issues series.