This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the38th European Conference on IR Research, ECIR 2016, held in Padua, Italy, in March2016.The 42 full papers and 28 poster papers presentedtogether with 3 keynote talks and 6 demonstration papers, were carefullyreviewed and selected from 284 submissions. The volume contains the outcome of4 workshops as well as 4 tutorial papers in addition. Being the premierEuropean forum for the presentation of new research results in the field ofInformation Retrieval, ECIR features a wide range of topics such as: socialcontext and news, machine learning, question answering, ranking, evaluationmethodology, probalistic modeling, evaluation issues, multimedia andcollaborative filtering, and many more.