This textbook provides insights into advanced imaging and diagnostic trends in oral and maxillofacial radiology. Divided into four sections, it not only discusses foundational topics such as radiation physics, biology, protection protocols, and conventional intraoral and extraoral radiography, but also covers advanced and emerging imaging modalities including multidetector CT, cone-beam CT (CBCT), quantitative and functional MRI, hybrid nuclear imaging (SPECT/CT, PET/CT), and contrast-enhanced techniques. It emphasizes structured interpretation formats, volumetric analysis, radiomics, 3D printing, and the integration of artificial intelligence, including machine learning, deep learning, and explainable AI for enhanced diagnostic support and prognostic decision-making.This textbook is relevant for postgraduate students specializing in oral and maxillofacial surgery and oral and maxillofacial radiology (MDS), dental students, and clinicians seeking practical guidance for routine diagnostic imaging, aspirants preparing for postgraduate entrance examinations, and PhD or research candidates in dental and biomedical imaging fields. It provides both foundational knowledge and contemporary clinical applications in oral and maxillofacial radiology.