Adolescent Health

Ralph J. DiClemente, PhD, is Charles Howard Candler Professor of Public Health and Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Epidemiology, and Immunology, and associate director, Emory Center for AIDS Research. John S. Santelli, MD, MPH, is the Harriet and Robert H. Heilbrunn Professor and chair of the Heilbrunn Department of Population and Family Health at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health, New York.Richard A. Crosby, PhD, is DDI Endowed Professor and chair, Department of Health Behavior, University of Kentucky, College of Public Health, Lexington, Kentucky.

• List of Figures, Tables, and Exhibits xiiForeword xviiJoy G. DryfoosAcknowledgments xixPreface xxiThe Contributors xxiiiPart One: Foundations and Theory in Adolescent Health Risk BehaviorOne: Adolescents at Risk: A Generation in Jeopardy 3Richard A. Crosby, John S. Santelli, Ralph J. DiClementeTwo: Trends in Adolescent and Young Adult Morbidity and Mortality 7Frederick P. Rivara, M. Jane Park, Charles E. Irwin Jr.Population Characteristics 8Mortality 9High-Risk Behaviors as Underlying Causes of Death 14Mental Health 24Three: Theories of Adolescent Risk Taking: The Biopsychosocial Model 31Jessica M. Sales, Charles E. Irwin Jr.Biologically Based Theories of Risk Taking 33Psychologically Based Theories of Risk Taking 35Social and Environmental Theories of Risk Taking 38The Biopsychosocial Model of Risk Taking 41Four: Resilience in Adolescence 51Lynne Michael Blum, Robert Wm. BlumDefining the Terms 53Conceptual Framework 54Ecological Factors 55Adolescent Neurodevelopment, Stress, and Resilience 59Resilience and Evidence-Based Interventions 70Five: Theories and Models of Adolescent Decision Making 77Julie S. Downs, Baruch FischhoffKey Concepts and Research Findings 80Decision Science and Social Cognition Models of Health Behavior 89Adolescents and Adults 90Six: Biological Underpinnings of Adolescent Development 95Elizabeth A. ShirtcliffThe Organizational-Activational Hypothesis: Hormonal Changes from Fetal Through Adolescent Development 97Seven: Positive Youth Development: Contemporary Theoretical Perspectives 115Richard M. Lerner, Mona Abo-Zena, Neda Bebiroglu, Aerika Brittian, Alicia Doyle Lynch, Sonia IssacPrior Theoretical Models of Adolescent Development 116Origins of the Positive Youth Development Perspective 117Defining Features of Developmental Systems Theories 117Features of the PYD Perspective 120Part Two: Preventing Key Health Risk BehaviorsEight: Tobacco Use and Adolescent Health 131Richard R. Clayton, Crystal A. Caudill, Melissa J. H. SegressScope of the Problem and Health Outcomes 133Strategies for Reducing the Risk of Tobacco Use Among Adolescents 137Nine: Understanding and Preventing Risks for Adolescent Obesity 147Mary Ann PentzHealth Promotion and Risk Prevention 148Ten: Adolescent Alcohol Use 165Michael Windle, Rebecca C. WindleEpidemiology of Alcohol Use Among Teens 167Promoting Health and Preventing Risk of Alcohol Use Among Youth 171Eleven: Substance Use Among Adolescents: Risk, Prevention, and Treatment 179Chisina Kapungu, Charu Thakral, Stefanie M. Limberger, Geri R. DonenbergEpidemiology of Adolescents’ Illicit Substance Use 180Risk and Protective Factors for Adolescent Substance Abuse 182Prevention of Adolescents’ Illicit Substance Use 186Treatment of Adolescent Substance Abuse and Dependence 198Twelve: Adolescent Violence: Risk, Resilience, and Prevention 213Sarah E. Kretman, Marc A. Zimmerman, Susan Morrel-Samuels, Darrell HudsonEpidemiology 214Key Concepts 216Examples of Resiliency-Based Interventions Used in Schools 223Thirteen: Prevention of Suicidal Behavior During Adolescence 233Anthony Spirito, Quetzalcoatl Hernandez-CervantesEpidemiology 234Prevention 237Fourteen: Unintentional Injuries Among Adolescents 249David A. Sleet, Michael F. BallesterosUnintentional Injuries 251Motor Vehicle Injuries 254Strategies for Reducing Motor Vehicle–Related Injuries 257Home and Recreation Injuries 258Strategies for Reducing Home and Recreation Injuries 261Settings for Adolescent Injury 262Preventing and Controlling Injuries 265Fifteen: Sexually Transmitted Disease Transmission and Pregnancy Among Adolescents 275Laura F. Salazar, John S. Santelli, Richard A. Crosby, Ralph J. DiClementeEpidemiology 277Key Concepts and Research Findings 283Sixteen: Interventions to Prevent Pregnancy and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Including HIV Infection 303Douglas Kirby, Richard A. Crosby, John S. Santelli, Ralph J. DiClementeMethods Used in This Review 305Curriculum-Based Sex and STD/HIV Education Programs 306Youth Development Programs 324Intensive Programs Combining Youth Development and Reproductive Health 327Communitywide Pregnancy or STD/HIV Prevention Programs 328Part Three: Populations, Policy, and Prevention Strategies Seventeen: Incarcerated and Delinquent Youth 339Nicholas FreudenbergComparisons 341Key Concepts: Health Conditions and Health Behavior 342Roles for Health Professionals 344The Health-Promoting Correctional Facility 350Eighteen: Depression and Sexual Risk Behavior in Adolescents 359Lydia A. ShrierEpidemiology of HIV, STIs, and Pregnancy in Adolescents 360Depressive Symptoms, Mood Disorders, and Emotional Distress in Adolescents 361Interventions 365Implications for Research 367Implications for Health Care 368Nineteen: Connectedness in the Lives of Adolescents 375Debra H. Bernat, Michael D. ResnickKey Concepts and Research Findings: What is Meant by “Connectedness”? 376Twenty: Family Influences on Adolescent Health 391Susan L. Davies, Richard A. Crosby, Ralph J. DiclementeKey Concepts and Research Findings 392Future Directions for Family-Focused Research 404Twenty-One: Media Exposure and Adolescents’ Health Behavior 411Victor C. Strasburger, Marjorie J. HoganTeens and Media Use 413The Influence of Media on Adolescents 413Solutions: Improving Media for Adolescents 434Twenty-Two: Technological Advances in Modifying Adolescent Health Risk Behaviors 447Natalie C. Kaiser, Jason E. Owen, Andrew J. WinzelbergKey Concepts and Research Findings 449Twenty-Three: Measuring Adolescent Health Behaviors 473Renee E. Sieving, Lydia A. ShrierTypes of Measures 475Measurement Error 483Twenty-Four: Brief Motivational Interventions for Adolescent Health Promotion in Clinical Settings 493Mary Rojas, Debra Braun-Courville, Anne Nucci-Sack, Angela DiazBrief Intervention 496Twenty-Five: Health Policy Approaches to Reduce Adolescent Risk Behavior and Adverse Health Consequences 511David G. Altman, Heather Champion, Erin L. SutfinThe Ecological Model 512Principles of Policy Approaches 513Tobacco 513Alcohol 516Driving 518Physical Activity and Obesity 519Violence 520Sexual Health 522Twenty-Six: Legal and Ethical Issues in Adolescent Health Care and Research 531Abigail English, John S. Santelli, Audrey Smith RogersHealth, Human Rights, and Ethical Principles 532Legal Status of Adolescents and Access to Health Care 537Research Regulation and Ethics 539Twenty-Seven: Adolescent Risk Behaviors and Adverse Health Outcomes: Future Directions for Research, Practice, and Policy 549Ralph J. DiClemente, John S. Santelli, Richard A. CrosbyPrevention Research and Practice are Interdisciplinary 551Adolescent Health Promotion Needs to Address Multiple Levels of Causality 552Strategies are Needed to Improve the Sustainability of Health Promotion Programs 553New and Promising Theoretical Orientations 554The Need to Improve Prevention Program Transfer 555The Need to Measure Cost-Effectiveness in Health Promotion Research 557Interactions Between Spheres of Influence: Lessons for the Future 558Name Index 561Subject Index 567

Adolescent Health: Understanding and Preventing Risk Behaviors provides a strong foundation in current research, theory, and policy for those who study and work with adolescents. -- PsycCritiques, American Psychological Association (February 17, 2010, Vol. 55,)