Thomas Balfe, Ph.D. (2014), is Teaching Fellow at the University of Edinburgh. His research focuses on animal, hunting, fable, food, and human-animal inversion imagery. His most recent publication is “Hunting, Inversion and Anthropomorphism in Two Scenes from the Upside-Down World”, in Saß M. (ed.), Hunting Without Weapons: On the Pursuit of Images (2017).Joanna Woodall is a Professor at The Courtauld Institute of Art, University of London, where she teaches a research-led MA entitled ‘Bodies of Knowledge in the Early Modern Netherlands, ca. 1550–1670’. Her most recent publication is “For Love and Money. The Circulation of Value and Desire in Abraham Ortelius’s Album amicorum”, in Melion W. – Zell M. – Woodall J. (eds.), Ut Pictura Amor: The Reflexive Imagery of Love in Artistic Theory and Practice, 1500–1700 , (2017).Claus Zittel teaches German literature and philosophy at the Universities of Stuttgart (Germany) and Olsztyn (Poland), and is since 2014 Deputy Director of the Stuttgart Research Centre for Text Studies. He is the author of Theatrum philosophicum: Descartes und die Rolle ästhetischer Formen in der Wissenschaft (2009), editor of Nietzsche-Studien, and has co-edited some thirty-four volumes, including (with C. Lüthy, C. Swan, P. Bakker) Image, Imagination and Cognition: Medieval and Early Modern Theory and Practice (2018).

• AcknowledgementsList of IllustrationsNotes on the EditorsNotes on the Contributors1 Introduction: From Living Presence to Lively Likeness – the Lives of ad vivumThomas Balfe and Joanna Woodall2 Naer het leven: between Image-Generating Techniques and Aesthetic MediationRobert Felfe3 Ad vivum Images and Knowledge of Nature in Early Modern EuropeSachiko Kusukawa4 Paintworks au vif to Paintings from Life: Early Netherlandish Paintings in the Round and the Invention of IndexicalityNoa Turel5 Cities under Siege Portrayed ad vivum in Early Netherlandish Prints (1520–1565)Pieter Martens6 ‘Jerusalem naert Leven’? Envisioning the Holy City in the Low Countries (1525–1575)Daan van Heesch7 Coming to Life at the Sacro Monte of Varallo: the Sacred Image al vivo in Post-Tridentine ItalyCarla Benzan8 The Vital Breath: Mathematical Visualizations in England and the Netherlands around 1600Eleanor Chan9 Nature au naturel in Late-Seventeenth-Century FranceJosé Beltrán10 Drawing the Cadaver ad vivum: Gérard de Lairesse’s Illustrations for Govard Bidloo’s Anatomia Humani CorporisMechthild Fend11 The Mechanism and Materials of Painting Colour ad vivum in the Eighteenth CenturyRichard MulhollandIndex Nominum

“The editors and contributors must be commended for this provocative collection of focused scholarship that refreshes our understanding of a pivotal term for early modern art theory.”Tianna Helena Uchacz, Texas A&M University. In: Renaissance Quarterly, Vol. 74, No. 3 (Fall 2021), pp. 933–934.

Thomas Balfe, Ph.D. (2014), is Teaching Fellow at the University of Edinburgh. His research focuses on animal, hunting, fable, food, and human-animal inversion imagery. His most recent publication is “Hunting, Inversion and Anthropomorphism in Two Scenes from the Upside-Down World”, in Saß M. (ed.), Hunting Without Weapons: On the Pursuit of Images (2017).Joanna Woodall is a Professor at The Courtauld Institute of Art, University of London, where she teaches a research-led MA entitled ‘Bodies of Knowledge in the Early Modern Netherlands, ca. 1550–1670’. Her most recent publication is “For Love and Money. The Circulation of Value and Desire in Abraham Ortelius’s Album amicorum”, in Melion W. – Zell M. – Woodall J. (eds.), Ut Pictura Amor: The Reflexive Imagery of Love in Artistic Theory and Practice, 1500–1700 , (2017).Claus Zittel teaches German literature and philosophy at the Universities of Stuttgart (Germany) and Olsztyn (Poland), and is since 2014 Deputy Director of the Stuttgart Research Centre for Text Studies. He is the author of Theatrum philosophicum: Descartes und die Rolle ästhetischer Formen in der Wissenschaft (2009), editor of Nietzsche-Studien, and has co-edited some thirty-four volumes, including (with C. Lüthy, C. Swan, P. Bakker) Image, Imagination and Cognition: Medieval and Early Modern Theory and Practice (2018).

• AcknowledgementsList of IllustrationsNotes on the EditorsNotes on the Contributors1 Introduction: From Living Presence to Lively Likeness – the Lives of ad vivumThomas Balfe and Joanna Woodall2 Naer het leven: between Image-Generating Techniques and Aesthetic MediationRobert Felfe3 Ad vivum Images and Knowledge of Nature in Early Modern EuropeSachiko Kusukawa4 Paintworks au vif to Paintings from Life: Early Netherlandish Paintings in the Round and the Invention of IndexicalityNoa Turel5 Cities under Siege Portrayed ad vivum in Early Netherlandish Prints (1520–1565)Pieter Martens6 ‘Jerusalem naert Leven’? Envisioning the Holy City in the Low Countries (1525–1575)Daan van Heesch7 Coming to Life at the Sacro Monte of Varallo: the Sacred Image al vivo in Post-Tridentine ItalyCarla Benzan8 The Vital Breath: Mathematical Visualizations in England and the Netherlands around 1600Eleanor Chan9 Nature au naturel in Late-Seventeenth-Century FranceJosé Beltrán10 Drawing the Cadaver ad vivum: Gérard de Lairesse’s Illustrations for Govard Bidloo’s Anatomia Humani CorporisMechthild Fend11 The Mechanism and Materials of Painting Colour ad vivum in the Eighteenth CenturyRichard MulhollandIndex Nominum

“The editors and contributors must be commended for this provocative collection of focused scholarship that refreshes our understanding of a pivotal term for early modern art theory.”Tianna Helena Uchacz, Texas A&M University. In: Renaissance Quarterly, Vol. 74, No. 3 (Fall 2021), pp. 933–934.

Thomas Balfe, Ph.D. (2014), is Teaching Fellow at the University of Edinburgh. His research focuses on animal, hunting, fable, food, and human-animal inversion imagery. His most recent publication is “Hunting, Inversion and Anthropomorphism in Two Scenes from the Upside-Down World”, in Saß M. (ed.), Hunting Without Weapons: On the Pursuit of Images (2017).Joanna Woodall is a Professor at The Courtauld Institute of Art, University of London, where she teaches a research-led MA entitled ‘Bodies of Knowledge in the Early Modern Netherlands, ca. 1550–1670’. Her most recent publication is “For Love and Money. The Circulation of Value and Desire in Abraham Ortelius’s Album amicorum”, in Melion W. – Zell M. – Woodall J. (eds.), Ut Pictura Amor: The Reflexive Imagery of Love in Artistic Theory and Practice, 1500–1700 , (2017).Claus Zittel teaches German literature and philosophy at the Universities of Stuttgart (Germany) and Olsztyn (Poland), and is since 2014 Deputy Director of the Stuttgart Research Centre for Text Studies. He is the author of Theatrum philosophicum: Descartes und die Rolle ästhetischer Formen in der Wissenschaft (2009), editor of Nietzsche-Studien, and has co-edited some thirty-four volumes, including (with C. Lüthy, C. Swan, P. Bakker) Image, Imagination and Cognition: Medieval and Early Modern Theory and Practice (2018).

• AcknowledgementsList of IllustrationsNotes on the EditorsNotes on the Contributors1 Introduction: From Living Presence to Lively Likeness – the Lives of ad vivumThomas Balfe and Joanna Woodall2 Naer het leven: between Image-Generating Techniques and Aesthetic MediationRobert Felfe3 Ad vivum Images and Knowledge of Nature in Early Modern EuropeSachiko Kusukawa4 Paintworks au vif to Paintings from Life: Early Netherlandish Paintings in the Round and the Invention of IndexicalityNoa Turel5 Cities under Siege Portrayed ad vivum in Early Netherlandish Prints (1520–1565)Pieter Martens6 ‘Jerusalem naert Leven’? Envisioning the Holy City in the Low Countries (1525–1575)Daan van Heesch7 Coming to Life at the Sacro Monte of Varallo: the Sacred Image al vivo in Post-Tridentine ItalyCarla Benzan8 The Vital Breath: Mathematical Visualizations in England and the Netherlands around 1600Eleanor Chan9 Nature au naturel in Late-Seventeenth-Century FranceJosé Beltrán10 Drawing the Cadaver ad vivum: Gérard de Lairesse’s Illustrations for Govard Bidloo’s Anatomia Humani CorporisMechthild Fend11 The Mechanism and Materials of Painting Colour ad vivum in the Eighteenth CenturyRichard MulhollandIndex Nominum

“The editors and contributors must be commended for this provocative collection of focused scholarship that refreshes our understanding of a pivotal term for early modern art theory.”Tianna Helena Uchacz, Texas A&M University. In: Renaissance Quarterly, Vol. 74, No. 3 (Fall 2021), pp. 933–934.