Gianni Toniolo was a Former Research Professor of Economics and History Emeritus at Duke University and a Senior Fellow Professor at LUISS Guido Carli University. Among the main Italian economic historians, he has authored and edited several books in Italian and English, on European and Italian economic development with a focus on central banks including: Central Bank Cooperation at the Bank for International Settlements, 1930–1973 (2005); The Oxford Handbook of the Italian Economy Since Unification (2013).