50 Years of Ocean Discovery

Ocean Studies Board, National Research Council

• 1 Front Matter; 2 Keynote Lecture The Emergence of the National Science Foundation as a Supporter of Ocean Sciences in the United States; 3 Landmark Achievements of Ocean Sciences Achievements in Biological Oceanography; 4 Achievements in Chemical Oceanography; 5 Achievements in Physical Oceanography; 6 Achievements in Marine Geology and Geophysics; 7 Deep Submergence: The Beginnings of Alvin as a Tool of Basic Research; 8 The History of Woods Hole's Deep Submergence Program; 9 Creating Institutions to Make Scientific Discoveries Possible A Chronology of the Early Development of Ocean Sciences at NSF; 10 Ocean Sciences at the National Sciences Foundation: Early Revolution; 11 Ocean Sciences at the National Sciences Foundation: An Administrative History; 12 Two Years of Turbulence Leading to a Quarter Century of Cooperation: The Birth of UNOLS; 13 Scientific Ocean Drilling, from AMSOC to COMPOST; 14 Technology Development for Ocean Sciences at NSF; 15 Large and Small Science Programs: A Delicate Balance The Great Importance of "Small" Science Programs; 16 The Role of NSF in "Big" Ocean Science: 1950 to 1980; 17 Major Physical Oceanography Programs at NSF: IDOE Through Global Change; 18 Major International Programs in Ocean Sciences: Ocean Chemistry; 19 Ocean Sciences Today and Tomorrow The Future of Physical Oceanography; 20 The Future of Ocean Chemistry in the United States; 21 The Future of Marine Geology and Geophysics: A Summary; 22 Out Far and In Deep: Shifting Perspectives in Ocean Ecology; 23 Global Ocean Science: Toward an Integrated Approach; 24 Education in Oceanography: History, Purpose, and Prognosis; 25 Evolving Institutional Arrangements for U.S. Ocean Sciences; 26 NSF's Commitment to the Deep; 27 Fifty Years of Ocean Discovery; 28 Argo to ARGO; 29 The Importance of Ocean Sciences to Society; 30 Appendix A: Symposium Program; 31 Appendix B: Symposium Participants; 32 Appendix C: Poster Session; 33 Appendix D: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences: Senior Science Staff, Rotators, IPAs, and Visiting Sciences; 34 Appendix E: Support of Ocean Sciences at NSF from 1966 to 1999; 35 Appendix F: Organizational Charts; 36 Appendix G: NRC Project Oversight; 37 Appendix H: Acronyms; 38 Index; 39 Supplementary Pictures