Maurizio Martellini (State University of Insubria, Como, Italy) is an expert in non-proliferation and disarmament issues, CBRNe safety and security. He has co-authored numerous publications as well as specific case studies. He is Associate Professor of Theoretical Physics, holds a PhD in Physics from the University of Pavia and has been Senior Scholar at the Belfer Centre for Science and International Affairs on International Security program, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, US. His fields of Research and Analysis include also CBRN non-proliferation and regulation, cyber security, global scientists’ engagement, edging technologies with dual use purpose, science and engineering diplomacy and CBRN education and awareness. He has also been Consultant of Italian MFA and Team Leader or Key Expert in several EU CBRN CoE projects.Ralf Trapp (independent consultant) is a chemist and toxicologist by training. He has worked for more than 35 years on technical, legal and policy issues related to the disarmament of chemical and biological weapons. His field of work included verification and inspection methodologies, the assessment of the impact of advances in science and technology on arms control, and the relationship between arms control and international cooperation. He participated in the negotiations of the Chemical Weapons Convention, served 13 years in senior positions at the OPCW, and works today as a consultant on chemical and biological weapons arms control, safety and security. He has collaborated with, amongst others, the United Nations, the OPCW, the European Commission, the ICRC, and research groups such as the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, the Harvard Sussex Programme, Bath University and Spiez Laboratory.

• Introduction.- Part I The Changing CBRN Risk Landscape.- The XXI Century: The Epoch of Advanced Military Systems and Growing Vulnerabilities.- The Dark Side of Nuclear Energy: Risks of Proliferation from Domestic Fuel Cycle Technologies.- Chemical and Biological Risks in the 21st Century.- Neuroscience-Based Weapons.- Hybrid Emerging Threats and AI Information Warfare: The Story of the Cyber-AI Deception Machine.- Artificial Intelligence and Warfare.- Artificial Intelligence in Autonomous Weapon Systems.- Understanding the Threat Posed by COTS and Small UAVs Armed with CBW.- Education and Training as a Disruptive Dual Use Technology.- Part II Evolving Risk Mitigation Strategies and Technologies.- Detection and Identification Technologies for CBRN Agents.- Chemical Forensics.- Recent Developments in Clinical Toxicology and the Use of Weaponized Nerve Agents.- Diagnosing the Cause of Disease – Interactive Teaching Approaches.- Evaluation Systems for Biological Security Risk Mitigation Training and Education.- Biological Forensics.

Maurizio Martellini (State University of Insubria, Como, Italy) is an expert in non-proliferation and disarmament issues, CBRNe safety and security. He has co-authored numerous publications as well as specific case studies. He is Associate Professor of Theoretical Physics, holds a PhD in Physics from the University of Pavia and has been Senior Scholar at the Belfer Centre for Science and International Affairs on International Security program, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, US. His fields of Research and Analysis include also CBRN non-proliferation and regulation, cyber security, global scientists’ engagement, edging technologies with dual use purpose, science and engineering diplomacy and CBRN education and awareness. He has also been Consultant of Italian MFA and Team Leader or Key Expert in several EU CBRN CoE projects.Ralf Trapp (independent consultant) is a chemist and toxicologist by training. He has worked for more than 35 years on technical, legal and policy issues related to the disarmament of chemical and biological weapons. His field of work included verification and inspection methodologies, the assessment of the impact of advances in science and technology on arms control, and the relationship between arms control and international cooperation. He participated in the negotiations of the Chemical Weapons Convention, served 13 years in senior positions at the OPCW, and works today as a consultant on chemical and biological weapons arms control, safety and security. He has collaborated with, amongst others, the United Nations, the OPCW, the European Commission, the ICRC, and research groups such as the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, the Harvard Sussex Programme, Bath University and Spiez Laboratory.

• Introduction.- Part I The Changing CBRN Risk Landscape.- The XXI Century: The Epoch of Advanced Military Systems and Growing Vulnerabilities.- The Dark Side of Nuclear Energy: Risks of Proliferation from Domestic Fuel Cycle Technologies.- Chemical and Biological Risks in the 21st Century.- Neuroscience-Based Weapons.- Hybrid Emerging Threats and AI Information Warfare: The Story of the Cyber-AI Deception Machine.- Artificial Intelligence and Warfare.- Artificial Intelligence in Autonomous Weapon Systems.- Understanding the Threat Posed by COTS and Small UAVs Armed with CBW.- Education and Training as a Disruptive Dual Use Technology.- Part II Evolving Risk Mitigation Strategies and Technologies.- Detection and Identification Technologies for CBRN Agents.- Chemical Forensics.- Recent Developments in Clinical Toxicology and the Use of Weaponized Nerve Agents.- Diagnosing the Cause of Disease – Interactive Teaching Approaches.- Evaluation Systems for Biological Security Risk Mitigation Training and Education.- Biological Forensics.

Maurizio Martellini (State University of Insubria, Como, Italy) is an expert in non-proliferation and disarmament issues, CBRNe safety and security. He has co-authored numerous publications as well as specific case studies. He is Associate Professor of Theoretical Physics, holds a PhD in Physics from the University of Pavia and has been Senior Scholar at the Belfer Centre for Science and International Affairs on International Security program, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, US. His fields of Research and Analysis include also CBRN non-proliferation and regulation, cyber security, global scientists’ engagement, edging technologies with dual use purpose, science and engineering diplomacy and CBRN education and awareness. He has also been Consultant of Italian MFA and Team Leader or Key Expert in several EU CBRN CoE projects.Ralf Trapp (independent consultant) is a chemist and toxicologist by training. He has worked for more than 35 years on technical, legal and policy issues related to the disarmament of chemical and biological weapons. His field of work included verification and inspection methodologies, the assessment of the impact of advances in science and technology on arms control, and the relationship between arms control and international cooperation. He participated in the negotiations of the Chemical Weapons Convention, served 13 years in senior positions at the OPCW, and works today as a consultant on chemical and biological weapons arms control, safety and security. He has collaborated with, amongst others, the United Nations, the OPCW, the European Commission, the ICRC, and research groups such as the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, the Harvard Sussex Programme, Bath University and Spiez Laboratory.

• Introduction.- Part I The Changing CBRN Risk Landscape.- The XXI Century: The Epoch of Advanced Military Systems and Growing Vulnerabilities.- The Dark Side of Nuclear Energy: Risks of Proliferation from Domestic Fuel Cycle Technologies.- Chemical and Biological Risks in the 21st Century.- Neuroscience-Based Weapons.- Hybrid Emerging Threats and AI Information Warfare: The Story of the Cyber-AI Deception Machine.- Artificial Intelligence and Warfare.- Artificial Intelligence in Autonomous Weapon Systems.- Understanding the Threat Posed by COTS and Small UAVs Armed with CBW.- Education and Training as a Disruptive Dual Use Technology.- Part II Evolving Risk Mitigation Strategies and Technologies.- Detection and Identification Technologies for CBRN Agents.- Chemical Forensics.- Recent Developments in Clinical Toxicology and the Use of Weaponized Nerve Agents.- Diagnosing the Cause of Disease – Interactive Teaching Approaches.- Evaluation Systems for Biological Security Risk Mitigation Training and Education.- Biological Forensics.