David G. Anderson is Professor of Anthropology and leads a research group on comparative indigenous studies at the University of Tromso, Norway. He researches the history and ethnography of the circumpolar Arctic and has conducted fieldwork in Eastern Siberia (Taimyr, Evenkiia, Zabaikal'e), the Russian North (Kola), Northern Norway and in Canada's Mackenzie Delta. His current research is on the different visions of history among settler states and aboriginal peoples and how this is linked to the growing debate on indigenous rights. His publications include Identity and Ecology in Arctic Siberia (Oxford University Press) and two coedited books, Ethnographies of Conservation and Cultivating Arctic Landscapes (Berghahn Books).

• List of Figures List of Tables Acknowledgments Note on Cyrillic Transliteration Chapter 1. The Polar Census and the Architecture of Enumeration David G. Anderson Chapter 2. Seasonal Mobility and Sacred Landscape Geography among Northern Hunter-Gatherer Peter Jordan Chapter 3. The Interpretation of Nenets Demography in the First Third of the 20th Century Elena Volzhanina Chapter 4. Undaunted Courage: the Polar Census in the Obdor Region Elena Glavatskaya Chapter 5. Household Structure in the Multi-Ethnic Barents Region - A Local Case Study Gunnar Thorvaldsen Chapter 6. Statistical Surveys of the Kanin Peninsula and the Samoed Question Igor Semenov Chapter 7. The Sustaining Landscape and the Arctic Fox Trade in the European North of Russia 1926-1927 Konstantin Klokov Chapter 8. The Origin of Reindeer Herding as 'Sector' on the Kanin Peninsula Stanislav Kiselev Chapter 9. The Spatial Demography of the 'Outer Taiga' of the Zhuia River Valley, Eastern Siberia David Anderson, Evgenii Ineshin, John Ziker Chapter 10. Identity, Status, and Fish among Essei Iakuts Tatiana Argounova-Low Chapter 11. Subsistence and Residence in the Putoran Uplands and Taimyr Lowlands John Ziker Appendices Appendix I:The Manuscript Archives of the Polar Census Expeditions Appendix II: Table of Measures Bibliographic and Archival References Notes on the Contributors

"The contributors have made excellent use of recently opened archives and interviews with descendants of the people surveyed to provide a uniquely human portrait of this seminal project. While the chapters focus most thoroughly on the Nenets, Khanty, and Yakut, the analysis is of broader relevance to an understanding of Siberian peoples during the first stages of the sovietization of the Far North. This book will prove of unique value to historians of the Soviet period as well as to cultural anthropologists specializing in polar peoples. Highly recommended." * Choice "All in all, this book is an important contribution to our knowledge about the ethnography and ethnohistory of the indigenous peoples of this region as well as about the immense work undertaken during the very early years of the Soviet Union in an effort to understand the demography and livelihoods of these peoples. The volume belongs on the shelves of all researchers working on these issues." * Polar Research "This a much-welcome addition to the modern English-language reference library on Siberian indigenous people and the first book-size effort to address their plight and status from the perspective of the Russian archival statistical and documentary records of the early 1900s. It is an outcome of a monumental collaborative project." * Igor Krupnik, Smithsonian Institution

David G. Anderson is Professor of Anthropology and leads a research group on comparative indigenous studies at the University of Tromso, Norway. He researches the history and ethnography of the circumpolar Arctic and has conducted fieldwork in Eastern Siberia (Taimyr, Evenkiia, Zabaikal'e), the Russian North (Kola), Northern Norway and in Canada's Mackenzie Delta. His current research is on the different visions of history among settler states and aboriginal peoples and how this is linked to the growing debate on indigenous rights. His publications include Identity and Ecology in Arctic Siberia (Oxford University Press) and two coedited books, Ethnographies of Conservation and Cultivating Arctic Landscapes (Berghahn Books).

• List of Figures List of Tables Acknowledgments Note on Cyrillic Transliteration Chapter 1. The Polar Census and the Architecture of Enumeration David G. Anderson Chapter 2. Seasonal Mobility and Sacred Landscape Geography among Northern Hunter-Gatherer Peter Jordan Chapter 3. The Interpretation of Nenets Demography in the First Third of the 20th Century Elena Volzhanina Chapter 4. Undaunted Courage: the Polar Census in the Obdor Region Elena Glavatskaya Chapter 5. Household Structure in the Multi-Ethnic Barents Region - A Local Case Study Gunnar Thorvaldsen Chapter 6. Statistical Surveys of the Kanin Peninsula and the Samoed Question Igor Semenov Chapter 7. The Sustaining Landscape and the Arctic Fox Trade in the European North of Russia 1926-1927 Konstantin Klokov Chapter 8. The Origin of Reindeer Herding as 'Sector' on the Kanin Peninsula Stanislav Kiselev Chapter 9. The Spatial Demography of the 'Outer Taiga' of the Zhuia River Valley, Eastern Siberia David Anderson, Evgenii Ineshin, John Ziker Chapter 10. Identity, Status, and Fish among Essei Iakuts Tatiana Argounova-Low Chapter 11. Subsistence and Residence in the Putoran Uplands and Taimyr Lowlands John Ziker Appendices Appendix I:The Manuscript Archives of the Polar Census Expeditions Appendix II: Table of Measures Bibliographic and Archival References Notes on the Contributors

"The contributors have made excellent use of recently opened archives and interviews with descendants of the people surveyed to provide a uniquely human portrait of this seminal project. While the chapters focus most thoroughly on the Nenets, Khanty, and Yakut, the analysis is of broader relevance to an understanding of Siberian peoples during the first stages of the sovietization of the Far North. This book will prove of unique value to historians of the Soviet period as well as to cultural anthropologists specializing in polar peoples. Highly recommended." * Choice "All in all, this book is an important contribution to our knowledge about the ethnography and ethnohistory of the indigenous peoples of this region as well as about the immense work undertaken during the very early years of the Soviet Union in an effort to understand the demography and livelihoods of these peoples. The volume belongs on the shelves of all researchers working on these issues." * Polar Research "This a much-welcome addition to the modern English-language reference library on Siberian indigenous people and the first book-size effort to address their plight and status from the perspective of the Russian archival statistical and documentary records of the early 1900s. It is an outcome of a monumental collaborative project." * Igor Krupnik, Smithsonian Institution

David G. Anderson is Professor of Anthropology and leads a research group on comparative indigenous studies at the University of Tromso, Norway. He researches the history and ethnography of the circumpolar Arctic and has conducted fieldwork in Eastern Siberia (Taimyr, Evenkiia, Zabaikal'e), the Russian North (Kola), Northern Norway and in Canada's Mackenzie Delta. His current research is on the different visions of history among settler states and aboriginal peoples and how this is linked to the growing debate on indigenous rights. His publications include Identity and Ecology in Arctic Siberia (Oxford University Press) and two coedited books, Ethnographies of Conservation and Cultivating Arctic Landscapes (Berghahn Books).

• List of Figures List of Tables Acknowledgments Note on Cyrillic Transliteration Chapter 1. The Polar Census and the Architecture of Enumeration David G. Anderson Chapter 2. Seasonal Mobility and Sacred Landscape Geography among Northern Hunter-Gatherer Peter Jordan Chapter 3. The Interpretation of Nenets Demography in the First Third of the 20th Century Elena Volzhanina Chapter 4. Undaunted Courage: the Polar Census in the Obdor Region Elena Glavatskaya Chapter 5. Household Structure in the Multi-Ethnic Barents Region - A Local Case Study Gunnar Thorvaldsen Chapter 6. Statistical Surveys of the Kanin Peninsula and the Samoed Question Igor Semenov Chapter 7. The Sustaining Landscape and the Arctic Fox Trade in the European North of Russia 1926-1927 Konstantin Klokov Chapter 8. The Origin of Reindeer Herding as 'Sector' on the Kanin Peninsula Stanislav Kiselev Chapter 9. The Spatial Demography of the 'Outer Taiga' of the Zhuia River Valley, Eastern Siberia David Anderson, Evgenii Ineshin, John Ziker Chapter 10. Identity, Status, and Fish among Essei Iakuts Tatiana Argounova-Low Chapter 11. Subsistence and Residence in the Putoran Uplands and Taimyr Lowlands John Ziker Appendices Appendix I:The Manuscript Archives of the Polar Census Expeditions Appendix II: Table of Measures Bibliographic and Archival References Notes on the Contributors

"The contributors have made excellent use of recently opened archives and interviews with descendants of the people surveyed to provide a uniquely human portrait of this seminal project. While the chapters focus most thoroughly on the Nenets, Khanty, and Yakut, the analysis is of broader relevance to an understanding of Siberian peoples during the first stages of the sovietization of the Far North. This book will prove of unique value to historians of the Soviet period as well as to cultural anthropologists specializing in polar peoples. Highly recommended." * Choice "All in all, this book is an important contribution to our knowledge about the ethnography and ethnohistory of the indigenous peoples of this region as well as about the immense work undertaken during the very early years of the Soviet Union in an effort to understand the demography and livelihoods of these peoples. The volume belongs on the shelves of all researchers working on these issues." * Polar Research "This a much-welcome addition to the modern English-language reference library on Siberian indigenous people and the first book-size effort to address their plight and status from the perspective of the Russian archival statistical and documentary records of the early 1900s. It is an outcome of a monumental collaborative project." * Igor Krupnik, Smithsonian Institution