Isotopic Constraints on Earth System Processes

Kenneth W. W. Sims, University of Wyoming, USA.Kate Maher, Stanford University, USA.Daniel P. Schrag, Harvard University, USA.

• List of Contributors viiPreface ixAbout the Companion Website xiiDedication xiiiPart I High-Temperature/Deep Earth Processes1 High-Temperature Kinetic Isotope Fractionation of Silicate Materials 3Frank M. Richter 2 Ca and K Isotope Fractionation by Diffusion in Molten Silicates: Large Concentration Gradients Are Not Required to Induce Large Diffusive Isotope Effects 27James M. Watkins, John N. Christensen, Donald J. DePaolo, and Frederick J. Ryerson 3 Calcium Isotope Constraints on Recycled Carbonates in Subduction- Related Magmas 43Justin I. Simon 4 Reassessing the Role of Continental Lithospheric Mantle in Cenozoic Magmatism, Southwestern North America 57G. Lang Farmer5 Rhyolite Ignimbrite Generation in the Northern Andes: The Chalupas Caldera, Ecuador 87Lisa Hammersley, Donald J. DePaolo, Bernardo Beate, and Alan L. Deino 6 Xenolith Constraints on “Self-Assimilation” and the Origin of Low δ18O Values in Mauna Kea Basalts 133John C. Lassiter, Danny W. Anderson, Daniel Villanueva-Lascurain, Edward W. Marshall, and Jaime D. Barnes 7 Monitoring Volcanic Activity Through Combined Measurements of CO2 Efflux and (222Rn) and (220Rn) in Soil Gas: An Application to Mount Etna, Italy 167Salvatore Giammanco and Kenneth W. W. Sims Part II Low-Temperature/Shallow Earth Processes8 The Carbon Isotope Record and Earth Surface Oxygenation 205Thomas A. Laakso and Daniel P. Schrag9 Detrital Garnet Geochronology: A New Window into Ancient Tectonics and Sedimentary Provenance 217Kathryn A. Maneiro, Michelle K. Jordan, and Ethan F. Baxter 10 A Review of the Development of Cr, Se, U, Sb, and Te Isotopes as Indicators of Redox Reactions, Contaminant Fate, and Contaminant Transport in Aqueous Systems 237Thomas M. Johnson, Jennifer L. Druhan, Anirban Basu, Noah E. Jemison, Xiangli Wang, Kathrin Schilling, and Naomi L. Wasserman 11 The Effects of Reactive Transport on Sulfur Isotopic Compositions in Natural Environments 271Alexandra V. Turchyn and Jennifer L. Druhan 12 A Reactive Transport Framework Describing Covariation in the Isotopic Ratios of Multiple Elements in Natural Systems 285Jennifer L. Druhan and Alexandra V. Turchyn 13 Stable Ca Isotope Fractionation in Cenozoic Marine Mammals: Beyond Biomineralization and Trophic Positioning 301Cole M. Messa, Kenneth W.W. Sims, Sean R. Scott, and Mark T. Clementz Index 329