Military Strategies for Sustainment of Nutrition and Immune Function in the Field

Committee on Military Nutrition Research, Institute of Medicine

• 1 Front Matter; 2 Executive Summary; 3 I Committee Summary, Responses to Questions, Conclusions, and Recommendations; 4 1 A Review of the Role of Nutrition in Immune Function; 5 2 Committee Responses to Questions; 6 3 Committee Conclusions and Recommendations; 7 II Stage Setting: The Military Situation; 8 4 Why is the Army Interested in Nutrition and Immune Function?; 9 5 Physiological and Immunological Impact of U.S. Army Special Operations Training: A Model for the Assessment of Nutritional Intervention Effects on Temporary Immunosuppression; 10 6 Immune Function Studies During the Ranger Training Course of the Norwegian Military Academy; 11 III Introduction to Immune Function; 12 7 Nutrition and Immune Responses: What Do We Know?; 13 8 Cytokines and Nutritional Status: Possible Correlations and Investigations; 14 IV Assessment; 15 9 Methodological Issues in Assessment of Human Immune Function; 16 10 Application of Whole-Blood Cultures to Field Study Measurements; 17 V Nutrition; 18 11 Glutamine; 19 12 Vitamin A and Immune Function; 20 13 Vitamin E, Vitamin C, and Immune Response: Recent Advances; 21 14 Fatty Acids and Immune Functions; 22 15 Iron Metabolism, Microbial Virulence, and Host Defenses; 23 16 Trace Minerals, Immune Function, and Viral Evolution; 24 VI Health and Stress; 25 17 Exercise, Infection, and Immunity: Practial Applications; 26 18 Neuroendocrine Consequences of Systemic Inflammation; 27 19 Inflammatory Stress and the Immune System; 28 20 Chronobiology of the Immune System; 29 21 Conclusion: Militarily Important Issues Identified in this Report; 30 Appendixes; 31 Appendix A: Overview of the Immune System and Other Host Defense Mechanisms; 32 Appendix B: Glossary of Immunological Terms; 33 Appendix C: Overview of Immune Assessment Tests; 34 Appendix D: Emerging Infections, Nutritional Status, and Immunity; 35 Appendix E: Workshop Agenda; 36 Appendix F: Biographical Sketches; 37 Appendix G: Acronyms and Abbreviations; 38 Appendix H: Nutrition and Immune Function: A Selected Bibliography; 39 Index