The incidence of stress fractures of the lower extremities during U.S. military basic training is significantly higher among female military recruits than among male recruits. The prevalence of this injury has a marked impact on the health of service personnel and imposes a significant financial burden on the military by delaying completion of the training of new recruits. In addition to lengthening training time, increasing program costs, and delaying military readiness, stress fractures may share their etiology with the longer-term risk of osteoporosis. As part of the Defense Women's Health Research Program, this book evaluates the impact of diet, genetic predisposition, and physical activity on bone mineral and calcium status in young servicewomen. It makes recommendations for reducing stress fractures and improving overall bone health through nutrition education and monitored physical training programs. The book also makes recommendations for future research to evaluate more fully the effects of fitness levels, physical activities, and other factors on stress fracture risk and bone health.
Subcommittee on Body Composition, Nutrition, and Health of Military Women, Committee on Military Nutrition Research, Institute of Medicine
1 Front Matter; 2 Executive Summary; 3 1 Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Stress Fractures in Military Women; 4 2 Bone Health and Risk Factors; 5 3 Effects of Caloric Intake, Physical Activity and Hormonal Factors on Bone Health; 6 4 Conclusions and Recommendations; 7 Bibliography; 8 A: Workshop Agenda and Abstracts; 9 B: Military Recommended Dietary Allowances (AR 40-25, 1985: Chapters 1 and 2); 10 C: Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Related Nutrients (IOM, 1997); 11 D: Biographical Sketches; 12 E: Abbreviations
National Research Council, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Institute of Medicine, and Families Board on Children, Youth, Steve Olson
Institute of Medicine, Board on the Health of Select Populations, and Transgender Health Issues and Research Gaps and Opportunities Committee on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual
Institute of Medicine, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice, Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Division of International Health
Institute of Medicine, Committee to Develop Methods Useful to the Department of Veteran Affairs in Estimating Its Physician Requirements, Joseph Lipscomb