Ballistic Imaging

Ballistic Imaging assesses the state of computer-based imaging technology in forensic firearms identification. The book evaluates the current law enforcement database of images of crime-related cartridge cases and bullets and recommends ways to improve the usefulness of the technology for suggesting leads in criminal investigations. It also advises against the construction of a national reference database that would include images from test-fires of every newly manufactured or imported firearm in the United States. The book also suggests further research on an alternate method for generating an investigative lead to the location where a gun was first sold: "microstamping," the direct imprinting of unique identifiers on firearm parts or ammunition. Table of ContentsFront MatterExecutive SummaryPART I: Context for Ballistic Imaging Analysis, 1 Introduction2 Firearms and Ammunition: Physics, Manufacturing, and Sources of Variability3 Firearms Identification and the Use of Ballistics EvidencePART II: Current Ballistic Imaging and Databases, 4 Current Ballistic Imaging Technology5 Current Ballistic Image Databases: NIBIN and the State Reference Databases6 Operational and Technical Enhancements to NIBIN7 Three-Dimensional Measurement and Ballistic ImagingPART III: Implications for a National Reference Ballistic Image Database, 8 Experimental Evidence on Sources of Variability and Imaging Standards9 Feasibility of a National Reference Ballistic Image DatabasePART IV: Future Directions, 10 Microstamping: Alternative Technology for Tracing to Point of Sale11 Best Standards for Future Developments in Computer-Assisted Firearms IdentificationReferencesAppendix A: Gun Enforcement and Ballistic Imaging Technology in Boston--Anthony A. BragaAppendix B: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff