Ballistic Imaging

Ballistic Imaging assesses the state of computer-based imaging technology in forensic firearms identification. The book evaluates the current law enforcement database of images of crime-related cartridge cases and bullets and recommends ways to improve the usefulness of the technology for suggesting leads in criminal investigations. It also advises against the construction of a national reference database that would include images from test-fires of every newly manufactured or imported firearm in the United States. The book also suggests further research on an alternate method for generating an investigative lead to the location where a gun was first sold: "microstamping," the direct imprinting of unique identifiers on firearm parts or ammunition. Table of Contents Front Matter Executive Summary PART I: Context for Ballistic Imaging Analysis, 1 Introduction 2 Firearms and Ammunition: Physics, Manufacturing, and Sources of Variability 3 Firearms Identification and the Use of Ballistics Evidence PART II: Current Ballistic Imaging and Databases, 4 Current Ballistic Imaging Technology 5 Current Ballistic Image Databases: NIBIN and the State Reference Databases 6 Operational and Technical Enhancements to NIBIN 7 Three-Dimensional Measurement and Ballistic Imaging PART III: Implications for a National Reference Ballistic Image Database, 8 Experimental Evidence on Sources of Variability and Imaging Standards 9 Feasibility of a National Reference Ballistic Image Database PART IV: Future Directions, 10 Microstamping: Alternative Technology for Tracing to Point of Sale 11 Best Standards for Future Developments in Computer-Assisted Firearms Identification References Appendix A: Gun Enforcement and Ballistic Imaging Technology in Boston--Anthony A. Braga Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff