Statistics With Humans

By day, Dr. Katie Jacobs works as a Professor of Psychological Science at the University of Central Missouri. By night she performs with her indie rock band, Ramona Clay. And somewhere in between that, romantic getaways with her hubby, and raising four humans, she wrote this textbook. She earned a PhD in School Psychology from the University of Missouri (Mizzou), and she didn’t always love statistics- in fact, she wouldn’t say “hate” because it’s a strong word, but it was somewhere in that vicinity. When she started teaching statistics, she had to think critically about it, which led to her connecting the material to her own personal experiences rather than relying on worn-out statistics examples. Her approach is conversational, metaphorical, and humorous.Photo credit: Nathan Jacobs and Amanda Knight

• PrefaceAbout the AuthorsPart 1: Welcome to Statistics Boot CampChapter 1: May I Make an Introduction? To Statistics, That Is…A Brief Introduction to StatisticsStatistics Is All About DataDescriptive and Inferential StatisticsSamplingMeasurementResearch Methods FundamentalsBasic Research DesignsSPSS Bonus Content Unlocked: Setting Up SPSS Data FilesSummarySymbol GuideTerms to KnowPutting in The WorkChapter 2: Measures of Central Tendency: AttractionAn Introduction to Descriptive StatisticsMeanModeMedianCalculating Measures of Central Tendency for Data on a Nominal Level of MeasurementCalculating Measures of Central Tendency for Data on an Ordinal Level of MeasurementCalculating Measures of Central Tendency for Data on a Scale With an Outlier in the Data SetSPSS Bonus Content Unlocked: Finding Measures of Central TendencySummarySymbol GuideFormulasTerms to KnowPutting in the WorkChapter 3: Measures of Variability: Tree Branches Scattered Across the SkyA Brief Introduction to Measures of VariabilityRangeIntroduction to Mean Absolute Deviation, Variance, and Standard DeviationMean Absolute DeviationThe Population VariancePopulation Standard DeviationThe Unbiased EstimateSPSS Bonus Content Unlocked: Finding Measures of VariabilitySummarySymbol GuideFormulasTerms to KnowPutting in The WorkChapter 4: Visual Displays and Measures of Distribution: Let’s Lay It All OutA Brief Introduction to Measures of DistributionUngrouped Frequency Distribution TablesCumulative Frequency Distribution TablesGrouped Frequency Distribution TablesHistogramsCommon Distribution ShapesSkewnessKurtosisSPSS Bonus Content UnlockedSummarySymbol GuideFormulasTerms to KnowPutting in The WorkChapter 5: The Standard Normal Distribution: Finding Order in the ChaosA Brief Introduction to Relative Frequency HistogramsAll About Density CurvesStarring the Normal CurveCalculating Standardized ScoresUsing z-Scores to Identify OutliersStandard Normal DistributionArea Under the CurveSPSS Bonus Content Unlocked: Calculating z-ScoresSummarySymbol GuideFormulasTerms to KnowPutting in the WorkChapter 6: Probability and Sampling: It’s More Than Sports and GamblingAn Introduction to ProbabilityThe Probability of The Union of EventsThe Probability of The Intersection of EventsSample SpacesThe Probability of Binomial ExperimentsThe Probability of Continuous DataSummarySymbol GuideFormulasTerms to KnowPutting in the WorkPart 2: Welcome to Inferential StatisticsChapter 7: Hypothesis Testing and Statistical Significance: Putting It AltogetherA Brief Introduction to the Hypothesis Testing StepsStep 1: Determine Which Statistical Analysis to UseStep 2: Write the Research and Null HypothesesStep 3: Check the AssumptionsStep 4: Calculate the Test StatisticStep 5: Find the Critical Value(s)Step 6: Make a DecisionStep 7: Conduct Relevant Follow-Up AnalysesSummarySymbol GuideFormulasTerms to KnowPutting in the WorkChapter 8: One-Sample z-Test: Are NBA Players Taller Than the Average Male?Step 1: Decide Which Statistical Analysis to UseStep 2: Write the Research and Null HypothesesStep 3: Check the AssumptionsStep 4: Calculate the Test StatisticStep 5: Find the Critical Value(s)Step 6: Make a DecisionStep 7: Conduct Relevant Follow-Up AnalysesSummarySymbol GuideFormulasTerms to KnowPutting in the WorkChapter 9: Independent Samples t-Test: Who Owns More Shoes?Step 1: Determine Which Statistical Analysis to UseStep 2: Write the Research and Null HypothesesStep 3: Check the AssumptionsStep 4: Calculate the Test StatisticStep 5: Find the Critical Value(s)Step 6: Make a DecisionStep 7: Conduct Relevant Follow-Up AnalysesSPSS Bonus Content Unlocked: Running the Independent Samples t-TestSummarySymbol GuideFormulasTerms to KnowPutting in the WorkChapter 10: Dependent Samples t-Test: Does Dry January Actually Work?Step 1: Determine Which Statistical Analysis to UseStep 2: Write the Research and Null HypothesesStep 3: Check the AssumptionsStep 4: Calculate the Test StatisticStep 5: Find the Critical Value(s)Step 6: Make a DecisionStep 7: Conduct Relevant Follow-Up AnalysesSPSS Bonus Content Unlocked: Running the Dependent Samples t-TestSummarySymbol GuideFormulasTerms to KnowPutting in the WorkChapter 11: One-Way ANOVA: Who is the Biggest Diva?Step 1: Determine Which Statistical Analysis to UseStep 2: Write the Research and Null HypothesesStep 3: Check the AssumptionsStep 4: Calculate the Test StatisticStep 5: Find the Critical ValuesStep 6: Make a DecisionStep 7: Conduct Relevant Follow-Up AnalysesSPSS Bonus Content Unlocked: Running the One-Way ANOVASummarySymbol GuideFormulasTerms to KnowPutting in the WorkChapter 12: The Pearson Product-Moment Correlation: Are TikTok and Reading Times Related?Step 1: Determine Which Statistical Analysis to UseStep 2: Write the Research and Null HypothesesStep 3: Check the AssumptionsStep 4: Calculate the Test StatisticStep 5: Find the Critical Value(s)Step 6: Make a DecisionStep 7: Conduct Relevant Follow-Up AnalysesSPSS Bonus Content Unlocked: Running the Pearson Product-Moment CorrelationSummarySymbol GuideFormulasTerms to KnowPutting in the WorkChapter 13: Simple Linear Regression: Does Time on Dating Apps Predict Dating Bitterness?Introduction to RegressionStep 1: Determine Which Statistical Analysis to UseStep 2: Write the Research and Null HypothesesStep 3: Check the AssumptionsStep 4: Calculate the Test StatisticStep 5: Find the Critical ValuesStep 6: Make a DecisionStep 7: Conduct Relevant Follow-Up AnalysesSPSS Bonus Content Unlocked: Running Simple Linear RegressionSummarySymbol GuideFormulasTerms to KnowPutting in the WorkPart 3: Welcome to Nonparametric AnalysesChapter 14: Chi-square Goodness-of-Fit test: Are People Terrified by AI More Than You’d Expect?Introduction to Non-Parametric AnalysesStep 1: Determine Which Statistical Analysis to UseStep 2: Write the Research and Null HypothesesStep 3: Check the AssumptionsStep 4: Calculate the Test StatisticStep 5: Find the Critical ValueSPSS Bonus Content Unlocked: Running the Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit TestSummarySymbol GuideFormulasTerms to KnowPutting in The WorkAppendix A: Standard Normal Distribution Table (i.e. z Critical Value Table)Appendix B: Student’s t Distribution Table (t_CV Table)Appendix C: F Distribution Table (F_CV Table)Appendix D: Studentized Range q TableAppendix E: Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Critical Value Table (r_CV Table)Appendix F: Chi-Square Critical Value Table (X^2_CV Table)

An excellent text for any undergraduate research methods and statistics course in the social sciences. This text provides precise methodology, thorough analysis and concise explanation of both descriptive and inferential statistics in an easy to read format.