Rise of the Network Society

Manuel Castells is Professor Emeritus of Sociology and Planning at the University of California, Berkeley. He is also the Wallis Annenberg Chair in Communication Technology and Society at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, and Research Professor at the Open University of Catalonia in Barcelona. He is Distinguished Visiting Professor of Technology and Society at M.I.T., and Distinguished Visiting Professor of Internet Studies at Oxford University. He is the recipient of numerous academic awards, including the Guggenheim Fellowship, C. Wright Mills Award, the Robert and Helen Lynd Award from the American Sociological Association, and the Ithiel de Sola Pool Award from the American Political Science Association. He is a Fellow of the European Academy, a Fellow of the Spanish Royal Academy of Economics, and a Corresponding Fellow of the British Academy. He has received 14 honorary doctorates from universities around the world. He has authored 22 books, among which is the trilogy The Information Age: Economy, Society, and Culture, first published by Blackwell in 1996–8, and translated into 20 languages.

• List of Figures xiiList of Tables xivPreface to the 2010 Edition of The Rise of the Network Society xviiAcknowledgments 2000Acknowledgments 1996Prologue: the Net and the Self 1Technology, Society, and Historical Change 5Informationalism, Industrialism, Capitalism, Statism: Modes of Development and Modes of Production 13Informationalism and capitalist perestroika 18The Self in the Informational Society 21A Word on Method 251 The Information Technology Revolution 28Which Revolution? 28Lessons from the Industrial Revolution 33The Historical Sequence of the Information Technology Revolution 38Micro-engineering macro-changes: electronics and information 39The creation of the Internet 45The 1970s’ technological divide 53Technologies of life 54Social context and the dynamics of technological change 59Models, Actors, and Sites of the Information Technology Revolution 61The Information Technology Paradigm 692 The New Economy: Informationalism, Globalization, Networking 77Productivity, Competitiveness, and the Informational Economy 78The productivity enigma 78Is knowledge-based productivity specific to the informational economy? 80Informationalism and capitalism, productivity and profitability 94The historical specificity of informationalism 99The Global Economy: Structure, Dynamics, and Genesis 101Global financial markets 102Globalization of markets for goods and services: growth and transformation of international trade 106Globalization versus regionalization 110The internationalization of production: multinational corporations and international production networks 116Informational production and selective globalization of science and technology 124Global labor? 130The geometry of the global economy: segments and networks 132The political economy of globalization: capitalist restructuring, information technology, and state policies 135The New Economy 1473 The Network Enterprise: the Culture, Institutions, and Organizations of the Informational Economy 163Organizational Trajectories in the Restructuring of Capitalism and in the Transition from Industrialism to Informationalism 164Network technologies and pervasive computing 51Small business and the crisis of the large corporation: myth and reality 167“Toyotism”: management–worker cooperation, multifunctional labor, total quality control, and reduction of uncertainty 169Inter-firm networking 172Corporate strategic alliances 174The horizontal corporation and global business networks 176The crisis of the vertical corporation model and the rise of business networks 178Networking the networks: the Cisco model 180Information Technology and the Network Enterprise 184Culture, Institutions, and Economic Organization: EastAsian Business Networks 188A typology of East Asian business networks 189Japan 190Korea 191China 193Culture, organizations, and institutions: Asian business networks and the developmental state 195Multinational Enterprises, Transnational Corporations,and International Networks 206The Spirit of Informationalism 2104 The Transformation of Work and Employment: Networkers, Jobless, and Flex-timers 216The Historical Evolution of Employment and Occupational Structure in Advanced Capitalist Countries: the G-7, 1920–2005 217Post-industrialism, the service economy, and the informational society 218The transformation of employment structure, 1920–1970 and 1970–1990 224The new occupational structure 232The maturing of the informational society: employment projections into the twenty-first century 237Summing up: the evolution of employment structure and its implications for a comparative analysis  of the informational society 243From mass production to flexible production 166The Work Process in the Informational Paradigm 255The Effects of Information Technology on Employment: Toward a Jobless Society? 267Work and the Informational Divide: Flex-timers 281Information Technology and the Restructuring of Capital–Labor Relations: Social Dualism or Fragmented Societies? 296Appendix A: Statistical Tables for Chapter 4 303Appendix B: Methodological Note and Statistical References 3385 The Culture of Real Virtuality: the Integration of Electronic Communication, the End of the MassAudience, and the Rise of Interactive Networks 355From the Gutenberg Galaxy to the McLuhan Galaxy: the Rise of Mass Media Culture 358The New Media and the Diversification of Mass Audience 365Computer-mediated Communication, Institutional Control, Social Networks, and Virtual Communities 371The Minitel story: l’état et l’amour 372The Internet constellation 375The interactive society 385The Grand Fusion: Multimedia as Symbolic Environment 394The Culture of Real Virtuality 4036 The Space of Flows 407Advanced Services, Information Flows, and the Global City 409The New Industrial Space 417Everyday Life in the Electronic Cottage: the End of Cities? 424The Transformation of Urban Form: the Informational City 429America’s last suburban frontier 429The fading charm of European cities 431Third millennium urbanization: mega-cities 434The Social Theory of Space and the Theory of the Space of Flows 440The Architecture of the End of History 448Space of Flows and Space of Places 453Is There a Global Labor Force? 2477 The Edge of Forever: Timeless Time 460Time, History, and Society 461Time as the Source of Value: the Global Casino 465Flex-time and the Network Enterprise 467The Shrinking and Twisting of Life Working Time 468The Blurring of the Life-cycle: Toward Social Arrhythmia? 475Death Denied 481Instant Wars 484Virtual Time 491Time, Space, and Society: the Edge of Forever 494Conclusion: the Network Society 500Summary of the Contents of Volumes II and III 510Bibliography 512Index 566

Reviews of the Second Edition: "We live today in a period of intense and puzzling transformation, signalling perhaps a move beyond the industrial era altogether. Yet where are the great sociological works that chart this transition? Hence the importance of Manuel Castells' multivolume work, in which he seeks to chart the social and economic dynamics of the information age . . . [It] is bound to be a major reference source for years to come." (Anthony Giddens, The Times Higher Education Supplement)"Adam Smith explained how capitalism worked, and Karl Marx explained why it didn't. Now the social and economic relations of the Information Age have been captured by Manuel Castells." (Wall Street Journal)"So far, the person who has straddled the world of social theory and Silicon Valley most successfully is Manuel Castells. Castells enjoys a growing reputation as the first significant philosopher of cyberspace." (The Economist)"A must-read." (Wired)"This book goes a considerable way to helping us make sense of today's global information economy and our place in it." (Financial Times)