All students can benefit from a deeper understanding of how our language works. Playing With Language shows elementary school educators (K–6) how to think about, talk about, and manipulate language out of context. This cognitive skill set, known as metalinguistic awareness, is an important component of reading ability. This practical guide scales activities and teaching suggestions to students' age, linguistic background, and individual strengths and challenges. The authors offer suggestions for introducing metalinguistic concepts like phonological, semantic, and syntactic awareness with fun activities like games, songs, rhymes, and riddles. The book also identifies and explains research that supports using metalinguistic teaching with diverse students and English learners to build skills in multiple areas, including reading comprehension and decoding ability. Teachers will find that students introduced to language play become continually engaged with language, finding real-world examples with wonder and delight.Book Features:Compiles information on all forms of metalinguistic awareness (MA), spanning different linguistic units and developmental reading levels. Contains personal anecdotes and classroom-tested instructional recommendations for encouraging language play. Presents research on how individual language skills affect reading ability.Offers suggestions for full lesson plans with small groups or whole classes of children, as well as ideas for infusing MA activities into everyday exchanges and book choices.
Marcy Zipke is a professor in the Elementary and Special Education Department at Providence College. She has served as department chair and faculty senate representative and is currently coeditor-in-chief of the Journal of Research in Childhood Education.
ContentsIntroduction: Playing With Language 1What You Will Find in This Book 4Riddles and Wordplay 4Outline by Chapter 7Acknowledgments 81. Phonemic Awareness: Listening to Sounds in Words 9Development of Phonemic Awareness 11Instructional Recommendations 152. Set for Variability: Acquiring a Mindset of Flexibility 20What Is Set for Variability? 20What the Research Shows 22Instructional Recommendations 263. Orthographic Awareness: Using Patterns to Encode and Decode 28Development of Orthographic Awareness 30Instructional Recommendations 324. Semantic Awareness: Focus on Homonyms 34Homonyms 34Riddles and Semantic Awareness 37Instructional Recommendations 395. Syntactic Awareness: Focus on Multi-Meaning Phrases and Sentences 45Development of Syntactic Awareness 47Language Disorders and Syntax 49Instructional Recommendations 51Syntactic Riddles 526. Morphological Awareness: Word Parts With Meaning 56Development of Morphological Awareness 58Instructional Recommendations 627. Pragmatic Awareness: Choose Your Words Carefully! 66Development of Pragmatic Awareness 68Instructional Recommendations 708. Metalinguistic Awareness and Reading Comprehension: Putting It All Together 73Models of the Reading Process 74Instructional Recommendations 779. Assessment of Metalinguistic Awareness 81Phonemic Awareness 82Set for Variability 84Orthographic Awareness 84Semantic Awareness 85Syntactic Awareness 87Morphological Awareness 87Pragmatic Awareness 88Riddle Recalling and Retelling 88Conclusion: Why Metalinguistic Awareness Is Important 90What Does Metalinguistic Awareness Sound Like? 91English Language Learners and Metalinguistic Awareness 93Conclusion 93Appendix A: Glossary of Terms 95Appendix B: Digital Resources 97Appendix C: Children’s Books That Incorporate Language Play 103Picture Books 103Chapter Books 106Riddle Books 107References 109Index 123About the Author 133
“Attention to children’s language in schools can no longer be an afterthought for teachers. Zipke’s book reminds us that language can be an object of play, mystery, and wonder and a powerful means to support readers to be critical and thoughtful, not only in early childhood but throughout elementary school.”—Teachers College Record