Geomechanics in CO2 Storage Facilities

Gilles Pijaudier-Cabot is Professor at University of Pau and Pays de l'Adour, Pau, France. Jean-Michel Pereira is Reasearcher at Laboratory Navier - Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, Marne-la-Vallée, France.

• Preface xiPART 1. TRANSPORT PROCESSES  1Chapter 1. Assessing Seal Rock Integrity for CO2 Geological Storage Purposes  3Daniel BROSETA1.1. Introduction 31.2. Gas breakthrough experiments in water-saturated rocks 61.3. Interfacial properties involved in seal rock integrity 91.3.1. Brine-gas IFT 91.3.2. Wetting behavior 101.4. Maximum bottomhole pressure for storage in a depleted hydrocarbon reservoir 121.5. Evidences for capillary fracturing in seal rocks 131.6. Summary and prospects 141.7. Bibliography 15Chapter 2. Gas Migration through Clay Barriers in the Context of Radioactive Waste Disposal: Numerical Modeling of an In Situ Gas Injection Test  21Pierre GÉRARD, Jean-Pol RADU, Jean TALANDIER, Rémi de La VAISSIÈRE, Robert CHARLIER and Frédéric COLLIN2.1. Introduction 212.2. Field experiment description 232.3. Boundary value problem 262.3.1. 1D and 3D geometry and boundary conditions 262.3.2. Hydraulic model 272.3.3. Hydraulic parameters 282.4. Numerical results 292.4.1. 1D modeling 302.4.2. 3D modeling 342.5. Discussion and conclusions 372.6. Bibliography 39Chapter 3. Upscaling Permeation Properties in Porous Materials from Pore Size Distributions  43Fadi KHADDOUR, David GRÉGOIRE and Gilles PIJAUDIER-CABOT3.1. Introduction 433.2. Assembly of parallel pores 443.2.1. Presentation 443.2.2. Permeability 453.2.3. Case of a sinusoidal multi-modal pore size distribution 473.3. Mixed assembly of parallel and series pores 483.3.1. Presentation 483.3.2. Permeability 493.4. Comparisons with experimental results 513.4.1. Electrical fracturing tests 513.4.2. Measurement of the pore size distribution 533.4.3. Model capabilities to predict permeability and comparisons with experiments 543.5. Conclusions 553.6. Acknowledgments 553.7. Bibliography 56PART 2. FRACTURE, DEFORMATION AND COUPLED EFFECTS  57Chapter 4. A Non-Local Damage Model for Heterogeneous Rocks – Application to Rock Fracturing Evaluation Under Gas Injection Conditions 59Darius M. SEYEDI, Nicolas GUY, Serigne SY, Sylvie GRANET and François HILD4.1. Introduction 604.2. A probabilistic non-local model for rock fracturing 614.3. Hydromechanical coupling scheme 634.4. Application example and results 664.4.1. Effect of Weibull modulus 704.5. Conclusions and perspectives 704.6. Acknowledgments 714.7. Bibliography 71Chapter 5. Caprock Breach: A Potential Threat to Secure Geologic Sequestration of CO2 75A.P.S. SELVADURAI5.1. Introduction 755.2. Caprock flexure during injection 775.2.1. Numerical results for the caprock–geologic media interaction 815.3. Fluid leakage from a fracture in the caprock 855.3.1. Numerical results for fluid leakage from a fracture in the caprock 895.4. Concluding remarks 905.5. Acknowledgment 915.6. Bibliography 91Chapter 6. Shear Behavior Evolution of a Fault due to Chemical Degradation of Roughness: Application to the Geological Storage of CO2 95Olivier NOUAILLETAS, Céline PERLOT, Christian LA BORDERIE, Baptiste ROUSSEAU and Gérard BALLIVY6.1. Introduction 966.2. Experimental setup 976.3. Roughness and chemical attack 996.4. Shear tests 1036.5. Peak shear strength and peak shear displacement: Barton’s model 1076.6. Conclusion and perspectives 1126.7. Acknowledgment 1136.8. Bibliography 113Chapter 7. CO2 Storage in Coal Seams: Coupling Surface Adsorption and Strain 115Saeid NIKOOSOKHAN, Laurent BROCHARD, Matthieu VANDAMME, Patrick DANGLA, Roland J.-M. PELLENQ, Brice LECAMPION and Teddy FEN-CHONG7.1. Introduction 1157.2. Poromechanical model for coal bed reservoir 1167.2.1. Physics of adsorption-induced swelling of coal 1167.2.2. Assumptions of model for coal bed reservoir 1187.2.3. Case of coal bed reservoir with no adsorption 1187.2.4. Derivation of constitutive equations for coal bed reservoir with adsorption 1207.3. Simulations 1227.3.1. Simulations at the molecular scale: adsorption of carbon dioxide on coal 1227.3.2. Simulations at the scale of the reservoir 1247.3.3. Discussion 1277.4. Conclusions 1287.5. Bibliography 129PART 3. AGING AND INTEGRITY 133Chapter 8. Modeling by Homogenization of the Long-Term Rock Dissolution and Geomechanical Effects 135Jolanta LEWANDOWSKA8.1. Introduction 1358.2. Microstructure and modeling by homogenization 1368.3. Homogenization of the H-M-T problem 1388.3.1. Formulation of the problem at the microscopic scale 1388.3.2. Asymptotic developments method 1428.3.3. Solutions 1438.3.4. Summary of the macroscopic “H-M-T model” 1488.4. Homogenization of the C-M problem 1488.4.1. Formulation of the problem at the microscopic scale 1488.4.2. Homogenization 1508.4.3. Summary of the macroscopic “C-M model” 1518.5. Numerical computations of the time degradation of the macroscopic rigidity tensor 1528.5.1. Definition of the problem 1528.5.2. Results and discussion 1548.6. Conclusions 1588.7. Acknowledgment 1608.8. Bibliography 160Chapter 9. Chemoplastic Modeling of Petroleum Cement Paste under Coupled Conditions 163Jian Fu SHAO, Y. JIA, Nicholas BURLION, Jeremy SAINT-MARC and Adeline GARNIER9.1. Introduction 1639.2. General framework for chemo-mechanical modeling 1649.2.1. Phenomenological chemistry model 1669.3. Specific plastic model for petroleum cement paste 1699.3.1. Elastic behavior 1699.3.2. Plastic pore collapse model 1709.3.3. Plastic shearing model 1729.4. Validation of model 1749.5. Conclusions and perspectives 1789.6. Bibliography 179Chapter 10. Reactive Transport Modeling of CO2 Through Cementitious Materials Under Supercritical Boundary Conditions  181Jitun SHEN, Patrick DANGLA and Mickaël THIERY10.1. Introduction 18110.2. Carbonation of cement-based materials 18310.2.1. Solubility of the supercritical CO2 in the pore solution 18310.2.2. Chemical reactions 18410.2.3. Carbonation of CH 18510.2.4. Carbonation of C-S-H 18710.2.5. Porosity change 19010.3. Reactive transport modeling 19110.3.1. Field equations 19110.3.2. Transport of the liquid phase 19410.3.3. Transport of the gas phase 19410.3.4. Transport of aqueous species 19610.4. Simulation results and discussion 19610.4.1. Sandstone-like conditions 19710.4.2. Limestone-like conditions 19810.4.3. Study of CO2 concentration and initial porosity 19910.4.4. Supercritical boundary conditions 20110.5. Conclusion 20410.6. Acknowledgment 20510.7. Bibliography 205Chapter 11. Chemo-Poromechanical Study of Wellbore Cement Integrity 209Jean-Michel PEREIRA and Valérie VALLIN11.1. Introduction 20911.2. Poromechanics of cement carbonation in the context of CO2 storage 21011.2.1. Context and definitions 21011.2.2. Chemical reactions 21411.2.3. Chemo-poromechanical behaviour 21711.2.4. Balance equations 22111.3. Application to wellbore cement 22211.3.1. Description of the problem 22211.3.2. Initial state and boundary conditions 22311.3.3. Illustrative results 22311.4. Conclusion 22711.5. Acknowledgments 22711.6. Bibliography 227List of Authors 229Index  000