Is incarnational Christology credible? Should we understand Jesus as God incarnate? Discerning God Incarnate offers a critical survey of a range of proposals in contemporary theology and philosophy of religion on the validation of the doctrine of the Incarnation. In this engaging and original study Gary Chartier investigates approaches that span across the topics of consciousness, resurrection, tradition and experience, focusing on the logic and pervasive assumptions of each argument.Historical study of the Bible and historical sensitivity to the ways in which church tradition develops, along with contemporary views of divine action, make it difficult to affirm belief in the Incarnation simply on the basis of what the Bible or the church teaches. Chartier examines the alternative paths to affirming incarnational Christology that take full account of contemporary historical and philosophical insights. He explores the potential and limitations of the kind of ‘critical orthodoxy’ associated with such figures as Charles Gore, J. M. Creed and Leonard Hodgson, embracing both credal orthodoxy and historical consciousness.Providing a sharp philosophical reflection on the degree to which different critical Christological arguments are exclusive or potentially mutually supportive, this is a valuable resource for any student and scholar studying philosophy of religion and theology.
Gary Chartier is Distinguished Professor of Law and Business Ethics at La Sierra University, USA.
AcknowledgmentsIntroductionA Web of BeliefThe Historical ConversationCritical OrthodoxyThe Plan of the Book1 Aut Deus Aut Malus HomoThe Argument in Different FormsJesus’s Expressed Self-UnderstandingMystical Oneness?Inadvertent Claims?Justified Lies?A Charlatan?Uncertainty?Need Belief That One Is Divine Imply Cognitive Impairment?Was Jesus Cognitively Impaired?The Nature of Jesus’s Self-ConceptionTesting the Trilemma Argument2 Resurrection, History, and Eternal SonshipJesus and His ResurrectionFrom Resurrection to IncarnationJesus’s AuthorityInterpreting the ResurrectionWas the Appearance to St. Paul Typical?Ps. 110 and the Acclamation of Jesus as LordProbing Pannenberg3 Resurrection and ExaltationBrown’s Case for Incarnational ChristologyPotential Difficulties with Brown’s Case for IncarnationAppraising Brown4 The Inner Logic of Christian DoctrineAuthority, Revelation, and DoctrineHistory and Divine ActionA Positive CaseWhy Incarnation Matters Morally and ReligiouslyIncarnation and the Integrity of Christian DoctrineInternal Support and External ApologeticsReflecting on Hebblethwaite5 Coincidence and ProbabilitySwinburne’s Probabilistic ArgumentEvaluating Swinburne’s ArgumentScrutinizing Swinburne6 Early High Christology, Divine Consciousness, Resurrection, and AbductionLoke’s Abductive Argument for the IncarnationPotential Challenges to Loke’s ApproachLooking at Loke7 Beyond Foundationalism and EvidentialismTranscending Simple DeductionConnecting the DotsEmbracing Reasons of the HeartOptions and ImplicationsConclusionWorks CitedIndex
Paul Copan, William Lane Craig, USA) Copan, Professor Paul (Palm Beach Atlantic University, USA) Craig, Dr William Lane (Houston Baptist University, Stewart Goetz