'This collection of essays presents important new research that challenges the traditional binary of public and private and reframes conventional interpretations of gendered space. The authors promote a more complex understanding of empowered female subjectivity and agency in Western Europe and North America in the long nineteenth century. The detailed and theoretically rigorous studies demonstrate the important roles of women in both shaping and enacting modernity as public maternal figures, artists, collectors, art historians, pedestrians, travelers and consumers of art and fashion.' Alison McQueen, McMaster University, Canada