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Since its early beginnings peace and conflict research has focused on causes of phenomena such as civil war, terrorism, and state failure. The author merges this approach with a peace causes perspective and asks why civil war happened in Peru (1980-1995) though not in Bolivia, which is striking given the structural similarities with Peru as well as a number of escalation episodes leading the country to the brink of civil war (2000-2008). He explores the political measures such as reforms and political dialogue, which prevented the country from rather hazardous consequences.
Dr. Witold Mucha is a Research Fellow at Heinrich Heine University. Düsseldorf, Germany.
1.Introduction1.1 Peace and Conflict Studies1.2 Escalation Reconceptualized2. Internal Violent Conflict Escalation2.1 Republic of Peru2.1.1 Historical Background2.1.2 Conflict Episodes2.1.3 Why Civil War in Peru?2.2 Plurinational State of Bolivia2.2.1 Historical Background2.2.2 Conflict Episodes2.2.3 Why No Civil War in Bolivia?3. Conclusion3.1 Variances and Parallels3.2 Alternative Explanations3.3 Limits of Generalization3.4 Research Implications Bibliography