Wars of Alexander the Great

Waldemar Heckel is Professor of Ancient History at the University of Calgary. His publications include numerous articles on the history of Alexander the Great., 'The Last Days and Testament of Alexander the Great' (Stuttgart 1988) and 'The Marshals of Alexander's Empire' (London 1992). Together with John Yardley he has produced the Penguin edition of 'Quintus Curtius Rufus: The History of Alexander' (1984), a commentary on Justin's books on Alexander (OUP 1997) and most recently, 'Livy: The Dawn of the Roman Empire' for Oxford World's Classics (2000).

• Introduction and Chronology *Background to war *Warring sides *Outbreak *The fighting *Portrait of a soldier *World around war *Portrait of a civilian *How the war ended *Conclusion and consequences