Latin America has experienced an unprecedented expansion of LGBTQ+ rights in recent decades. Although obstacles remain for LGBTQ+ citizens, countries such as Uruguay and Argentina have become world leaders in enacting LGBTQ+ rights, and public opinion has shifted dramatically towards more positive sentiments. What underlies these shifting attitudes? Drawing on both survey data and interviews, we describe multiple processes by which individuals move from prejudice and rejection to tolerance and acceptance. We show that attitude change is often slow and gradual, and that explaining these trends requires attention to both macro-level forces and individual experiences. In Latin America, a boom in international tourism created economic incentives for tolerance; broad shifts in demographics and the media landscape created openings for people to reconsider what a family looks like; and societies grappling with human rights abuses were more receptive to appeals for protecting LGBTQ+ rights as human rights.
1. Introduction; 2. The current landscape of public opinion; 3. How does attitude change happen?; 4. When friends and family come out; 5. Changing behavior before attitudes: economic incentives for tolerance; 6. Pop culture and representation; 7. Demographic changes and the nuclear family; 8. Public policy and LGBTQ+ rights; 9. Conclusions; References.
Shauna L. Shames, Sara Morell, Ashley Jardina, Kay Lehman Schlozman, Nancy Burns, Shauna (Rutgers University) L. Shames, Sara (The College of New Jersey) Morell, Ashley (University of Virginia) Jardina, Kay Lehman (Boston College) Schlozman, FAAN (University of Michigan) Burns, Nancy, PhD, RN, FCN, Shauna L.Shames
Amy H. Liu, Roman Hlatky, Keith Padraic Chew, Eoin L. Power, Sam Selsky, Betty Compton, Meiying Xu, Amy H. (University of Texas at Austin) Liu, Roman (University of North Texas) Hlatky, Keith Padraic (Arizona State University) Chew, Eoin L. (University of Texas at Austin) Power, Sam (University of Texas at Austin) Selsky, Betty (University of Texas at Austin) Compton, Meiying (University of Texas at Austin) Xu